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| | African American - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | African Americans have significantly improved their social and economic standing since the Civil War, and even more so since the Civil Rights Movement, and recent decades have witnessed the expansion of a robust, African American middle class across the United States. | | | The United States Supreme Court formalized the legal status of this rule in Plessy v. | | | Current trends contradict conventional discourse that represents African Americans as alienated and distant from the West in general and the United States in particular, and instead point to a continuation of a long-term trend toward parity with national levels and absolutely higher levels of affluence than those experienced by most populations outside the United States. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_American
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| | African American Literature |
| | A category index includes such topics as African American History and Culture, Affirmative Action, and Civil Rights and Race. | | | Provides free online access to a few articles in the most recently published issue, as well as fuller access to their pioneer issue. | | | A few articles from the many available in a recent issue can be accessed free over the internet. |
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http://www.bluefield.wvnet.edu/library/afamlinks.htm
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| | Recommended African American Web Sites |
| | The first 20 issues are currently (6/00) available free online, with the remaining 80 some issues scheduled to follow. | | | Digitized documents, full text transcriptions, portraits, chronology, and other research materials on the Dred Scott case. | | | No archived issues, no search engine, table of contents, or index. |
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http://www.public.iastate.edu/~savega/afr_amer.htm
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| | AAME : Home |
| | The transatlantic slave trade was fundamental to the development of the colonial economy; and after the War of Independence, the domestic slave trade was the engine that enabled the expansion of the cotton economy not only within the United States but also, through trade, to the international scene. | | | The United States is the only place, the present time the only time. | | | All communities in American society trace their origins in the United States to one or more migration experiences. |
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http://www.inmotionaame.org/home.cfm
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| | World-Wide Web Resources - African American Resources |
| | African American Women, archival collections from Duke University. | | | African American Odyssey: A Quest for Full Citizenship, from the Library of Congress' American Memory Project. |
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http://www.uky.edu/Subject/africanam.html
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| | African American Vernacular English: A brief overview of AAVE |
| | The dialect hypothesis is the belief that African slaves, upon arriving in the United States, picked up English very slowly and learned it incorrectly, and that these mistakes have been passed down through generations. | | | African American Vernacular English: A brief overview of AAVE | | | AAVE is a form of American English spoken primarily by African Americans. |
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http://www.arches.uga.edu/~bryan/AAVE
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| | African-American Odyssey |
| | The documents, most from the Law Library and the Rare Book and Special Collections Division of the Library of Congress, comprise an assortment of trials and cases, reports, arguments, accounts, examinations of cases and decisions, proceedings, journals, a letter, and other works of historical importance. | | | Slaves and the Courts, 1740-1860 contains just over a hundred pamphlets and books (published between 1772 and 1889) concerning the difficult and troubling experiences of African and African-American slaves in the American colonies and the United States. | | | The mission of the Library of Congress is to make its resources available and useful to Congress and the American people and to sustain and preserve a universal collection of knowledge and creativity for future generations. |
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http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/aohome.html
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| | The African |
| | Having ignored the passage of the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution, which ended slavery in the United States, the tribes, chose to embrace sovereignty to keep the slaves in bondage. | | | (The Treaty of 1866 was the document that finally released the African slaves from bondage of the tribes of Indian Territory. | | | Black Indian Dialogue: National Congress of American Indians Fall 2000 |
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http://www.african-nativeamerican.com
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| | African American Resources |
| | Legislation, court cases, executive orders and organizations relating to African American issues. | | | Information about libraries and holdings in libraries specific to African American issues. | | | Historical background on African Americans and African American issues. |
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http://www.inform.umd.edu/EdRes/Topic/Diversity/Specific/Race/Specific/African_American_Resources
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| | UGA African American Studies |
| | Students wishing to earn a certificate or undergraduate degree in African American Studies can do so by taking the recommended courses approved by the Director. | | | The Institute welcomes the public inspiration and support of thoughtful citizens who wish to make a tax-deductible donation to our endowment. | | | Western Civilization has been a reliable means to understand world cultures for many generations, but the rapidly changing demography of the United States requires a more profound awareness of cultural resources by thinkers of color. |
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http://www.uga.edu/~iaas
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| | UGA African American Studies |
| | In 1988 he was nominated to become one of only ten four-star army generals. | | | He soon found himself in the forefront of a boycott of Montgomery's segregated buses, which led to a Supreme Court decision in 1956 against Alabama's segregation laws. | | | Born in the small all-black town of Eatonville, Florida, Zora Neale Hurston was to become, for 30 years, the most prolific African American female author in the United States. |
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http://www.uga.edu/~iaas/History.html
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| | BCPL African American InfoCenter |
| | Includes statutes, cases, law review articles, essays, and other documents. | | | History of African Americans in the Civil War | | | African American fiction and non-fiction books available for reserve in Baltimore County Public Library. |
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http://www.bcplonline.org/centers/aacenter
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| | African American Art and History Resources |
| | Lean about the Civil Right's Movement (click on "Civil Rights Memorial" in right border). | | | Slavery and the Making of America - PBS companion site for four-part series documenting the history of American slavery from its beginnings in the British colonies to its end in the Southern states and the years of post-Civil War Reconstruction. | | | From the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. |
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http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/lessons/middle/afri-am.htm
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| | American Women's History: African-American Women |
| | van Salis, Susan J. Revealing Documents: A Guide to African American Manuscript Sources in the Schlesinger Library and the Radcliffe College Archives. | | | Habjan, Juliet K. African American Women's Lives During the Civil War [online]. | | | Avery Review of African American History and Culture [http://www.cofc.edu/avery/review.htm] |
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http://www.mtsu.edu/~kmiddlet/history/women/wh-afam.html
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| | JSTOR: African American Review |
| | Please read JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use before you begin. | | | As the official publication of the Division on Black American Literature and Culture of the Modern Language Association, the quarterly journal | | | has received three American Literary Magazine Awards for Editorial Content in the 1990s. |
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http://www.jstor.org/journals/10624783.html
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| | African American Writers |
| | They testify to how much was lost when these novelists couldn't get read as they should have." | | | African American Women Writers of the 19th century New York Public Library Digital Library Collection. | | | African American authors arranged chronologically from 1746 to 1990. |
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http://www.mtsu.edu/~vvesper/afam.html
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| | SULAIR: Research Quick Start Guides: African American Studies |
| | African American Perspectives Pamphlets Page from the Library of Congress. | | | The Black Population in the United States These tables present data on the demographic, social, and economic characteristics of the Black population in the United States from the Current Population Survey (CPS). | | | Because of the interdisciplinary nature of African American Studies, relevant titles are often dispersed throughout the general collection depending upon subject matter. |
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http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/adams/shortcu/afam.html
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| | African American Labor History Links |
| | © American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, 2003. | | | African American Miners in the United Mine Workers of America | | | William Lucy — founder and president of CBTU; International Secretary-Treasurer of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees. |
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http://www.afscme.org/about/aframlink.htm
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| | Race (United States Census) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Respondents who provided write-in entries such as South African, Belizean, of a Hispanic origin (for example, Mexican, Puerto Rican, or Cuban), or even "American" are included in the "Some other race" category. | | | "The term Black or African American refers to people having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa." It includes people who indicated their race or races as "Black, African Am., or wrote in entries such as African American, Afro American, Nigerian, or West Indian. | | | This census acknowledged that "the race categories include both racial and national-origin groups." |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_American_(U.S._Census)
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| | Cultural Diversity: Eating in America, African-American, HYG-5250-95 |
| | The greatest influence on many African-American families is the lifestyle of their parents or grandparents who lived in the southern United States. | | | Cultural diversity is a major issue in American eating. | | | This fact sheet on the African-American culture is one of a series of nine developed to address cultural diversity in American eating. |
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http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/5000/5250.html
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| | CAAM - California African American Museum |
| | The mission of the California African American Museum is to research, collect, preserve and interpret for public enrichment, the history, art and culture of African Americans with emphasis on California and the western United States. |
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http://www.caamuseum.org
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| | African American History: Welcome |
| | This project documents a selection of important events in African American history, beginning with the Dred Scott case in 1857 and ending with the implementation of school desegregation plans in the 1970s. | | | The text is entirely original, culled from various school projects and papers that I wrote between 1995 and 1997. | | | You can also view the complete bibliography for the project. |
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http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory
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| | African American Bibliography; Books for Children |
| | Roots in European folktales and American slave stories. | | | A rhymed retelling of the life of the first African American aviator. | | | 12 trickster tales which show the migration of African culture to the United States |
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http://falcon.jmu.edu/~ramseyil/mulafro.htm
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| | AFRICAN AMERICAN QUILTING TRADITIONS |
| | Yet when slaves were brought to the United States their work was divided according to Western patriarchal standards and women took over the tradition. | | | They are created by a priest or conjure woman for the specific needs of its user. | | | Originally in Africa most of the textiles, like that displayed here, were made by men. |
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http://xroads.virginia.edu/~UG97/quilt/atrads.html
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| | African-American History |
| | This request is not limited to African-Americans who experienced terrible hardships during this period, we are also appealing to people of other races to give us their observations, and information they have on what kept African-Americans going during this period. | | | Another African-American painter was William Henry Johnson who is best known for his paintings of African Americans. | | | Some of these WPA workers interviewed hundreds of African Americans born before the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment outlawing slavery in 1865. |
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http://mtungsten.freeservers.com
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| | Yale > African American Studies > Introduction |
| | The African American Studies program examines, from numerous disciplinary perspectives, the experiences of people of African descent in Black Atlantic societies, including the United States, the Caribbean, and Latin America. | | | African American Studies offers training of special interest to those considering admission to graduate or professional schools and careers in education, journalism, law, business management, city planning, international relations, politics, psychology, publishing, or social work. | | | The interdisciplinary structure of the program offers students an opportunity to satisfy the increasingly rigorous expectations of admissions committees and prospective employers for a broad liberal arts perspective that complements specialized knowledge of a field. |
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http://www.yale.edu/afamstudies
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| | Inventors and Inventions: African-American Inventors - EnchantedLearning.com |
| | George Washington Carver (1865?-1943) was an American scientist, educator, humanitarian, and former slave. | | | Dr. Drew was an American medical doctor and surgeon who started the idea of a blood bank and a system for the long term preservation of blood plasma (he found that plasma kept longer than whole blood). | | | Charles Richard Drew (1904-1950) was an American medical doctor and surgeon who started the idea of a blood bank and a system for the long-term preservation of blood plasma (he found that plasma kept longer than whole blood). |
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http://www.enchantedlearning.com/inventors/black.shtml
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| | African American Cemeteries Online |
| | DISTRICT OF Photo credits: American Memory from the Library of Congress | | | African American Cemeteries Online is a project of | | | of African American genealogical material for the 21st century" |
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http://www.prairiebluff.com/aacemetery
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| | African American History |
| | It was the first killing of a prominent civil rights leader, and one of the sparks that ignited the American civil rights movement." | | | It consists of test questions based on the lives of important 19th century African Americans. | | | Brief Summary - This web site examines nearly 400 years of African American history through five distinct time periods. |
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http://www.aawc.com/aah.html
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| | AFRICAN AMERICAN ARTISTS |
| | His paintings, such as "Slave Lynching," tend to be simple and direct, leading the viewer to see a direct and obvious statement that is often a commentary on society. | | | He is best known as a collagist, which often reflected his southern background, and always reflected his African American heritage. | | | William H. Johnson experimented with a number of different styles during his lifetime, including expressionism and an unusual abstract style -- but many of his paintings and murals were done in a traditional style. |
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http://www.usc.edu/isd/archives/ethnicstudies/africanamerican/black_artists.html
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| | African American Odyssey: A Quest for Full Citizenship |
| | Although they give a comprehensive, rich picture of more than 200 years of African American struggle and achievement, they represent only a rivulet of the collections the Library of Congress holds in this essential part of American history. | | | The Library's materials, gathered over the two hundred years of its existence, tell the story of the African American experience through nine chronological periods that document the courage and determination of blacks, faced with adverse circumstances, who overcame immense odds to fully participate in all aspects of American society. | | | he exhibition The African American Odyssey: A Quest for Full Citizenship, showcases the incomparable African American collections of the Library of Congress. |
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http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aointro.html
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| | LSU Libraries - African-Americana |
| | A bibliography of web-based resources in the field of American Studies which includes a section specifically for African Americans listed under "Race, Ethnicity and Identity." | | | Between 1967 and 1976, the journal appeared under the title Negro American Literature Forum, and between 1976 and 1991, under the title Black American Literature Forum. | | | A large collection of African American resources covering many subjects. |
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http://www.lib.lsu.edu/hum/african.html
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| | Smithsonian: African American Art and Design |
| | Native Americans, Women, and African Americans on Early United States Bank Notes | | | A Durable Memento: Portraits by Augustus Washington, African American Daguerreotypist | | | Portraits illustrating this signal event to the Civil War |
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http://www.si.edu/art_and_design/african_american
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| | African American Museum, Cleveland, Ohio- Main Page |
| | African American Museum, 1765 Crawford Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 | | | Copyright © 2000 - 2005 African American Museum, Cleveland, Ohio | | | Please see our Reorganization Plan or go to On The Record and click July 2005 Community Briefing or follow this link to Newsletter Update - November 2005. |
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http://www.aamcleveland.org
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| | VoS - Voice of the Shuttle |
| | Narrative of the Life of an American Slave (UPenn gopher) | | | Memoir and Poems of Phillis Wheatley, a Native African and a Slave. | | | African American Women Writers of the 19th Century (extensive collection of online texts) (Schomburg Center, New York Public Library) |
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http://vos.ucsb.edu/browse.asp?id=153
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| | default |
| | The name was given by the Native Americans and was a sign of respect. | | | He also asked if native Americans were due an apology by those who aided in the genocide of his people. | | | I feel we (Black Americans) must come to terms with the fact that our ancestors helped oppress Native Americans. |
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http://www.aawar.net
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| | African American World . Timeline PBS |
| | For over 500 years, people of African descent have shaped the course of American history. | | | From the fight against slavery to the March on Washington, relive the triumphs and tragedies of the African American experience with our extensive timeline of African American history. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wnet/aaworld/timeline.html
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| | AFRICAN AMERICAN LITERATURE |
| | Having its origins in the slave narratives and the folktales transmitted orally during that period, the literature of the African American has been rich and varied. | | | Today African American writers, such as Toni Morrison, Alex Haley, and Maya Angelou are recognized as among the most significant and popular authors in this country. | | | The following topics are the major divisions in this section dealing with African American literature in general. |
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http://www.usc.edu/isd/archives/ethnicstudies/africanamerican/black_lit_main.html
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| | NewsMax.com: Inside Cover Story |
| | In a story headlined "White Woman Says She is African American, No Hyphen!" the Sentinel explained that Heinz Kerry had "long referred to herself as an African American since moving to the United States from Mozambique in 1964." | | | Heinz Kerry's "African American" claim to his attention and was awaiting his response. | | | A call to Sen. Kerry's presidential campaign inquiring whether his wife still refers to herself as African American was not returned by press time. |
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http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2004/2/25/103959.shtml
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| | African American & Black Culture Community - AOL Black Voices |
| | African American & Black Culture Community - AOL Black Voices | | | How are African Americans faring when it comes to housing, education, prisons, jobs and money. | | | Find out in this year's State of Black America report from the National Urban League. |
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http://blackvoices.aol.com
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| | African American Biographical Database |
| | Each text used in the African American Biographical Database has been fully digitized so that in addition to searching for specific biographic sketches, you essentially have direct access to a rich collection of African American reference works, many of which are rare books. | | | For further details about the contents and features of AABD, technical support, and subscription information, see More Information. | | | FIND fascinating accounts of life as a slave, religious leader in the American South, reformer or business person in 19th century America |
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http://aabd.chadwyck.com
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| | World Book African American Music |
| | Black spirituals are one of the best known and earliest forms of American music. | | | African Americans have played a tremendous role in American music. | | | World Book editors have assembled a look at some of the most famous African American musicians and the impact they have made on different forms of music. |
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http://www.worldbook.com/features/aamusic/html/intro.htm
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| | African-American Unschooling |
| | African Americans are the fastest growing segment of homeschoolers in America and currently make up about 10% of the general homeschooling population. | | | While the number of Black homeschoolers is increasing, families still often find themselves a minority within a minority and face many difficulties in networking with other African-American Homeschoolers and locating learning materials which positively reflect African and African-American culture. | | | frequently for creative ideas on incorporating African and African-American culture into your homeschooling, articles and resources on unschooling from an African-American perspective, and networking with other African-American Unschoolers and Homeschoolers. |
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http://www.afamunschool.com
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| | The Top Ten African-American Inventors |
| | Read about ten examples of men and women and see what they invented.Think about what kind of obstacles they may have faced, personally and professionally. | | | Throughout history, African Americans have invented some important and fun devices. |
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http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/inventors
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| | African American Writers : Online E-texts |
| | African American Women Writers of the 19th Century | | | Lesson plans; Narrative of William W. Brown, An American Slave | | | Behind the Scenes, or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Year in the White House; |
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http://falcon.jmu.edu/~ramseyil/afroonline.htm
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| | African American Association of Innkeepers International |
| | This video series has invaluable information from experienced innkeepers, including the President of the African American Association of Innkeeper's International, as well as other industry professionals. | | | We are dedicated to increase public awareness of African American owned inns. | | | We provide a standard of excellence in the industry and serve as a resource for aspiring Innkeepers of color. |
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http://www.africanamericaninns.com
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