|
| |
| | Censorship - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | In England, censorship began with the introduction of copyright laws, which gave the Crown the permission to license publishing. | | | Official censorship might occur at any jurisdictional level within a state or nation that otherwise represents itself as opposed to formal censorship. | | | Interestingly, the censorship of coarse vernacular in the United States doesn't always extend to non-American pronunciations. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship
(2645 words)
|
|
| |
| | censorship. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | Censorship may be either preventive or punitive, according to whether it is exercised before or after the expression has been made public. | | | Censorship has existed in the United States since colonial times; its emphasis has gradually shifted from the political to the sexual. | | | The Children’s Internet Protection Act (2001), which requires libraries and schools to install antipornography filters on computers with federally financed Internet access, was upheld, however, because it was only a condition attached to the acceptance of federal funding and not a general prohibition on access. |
|
http://www.bartleby.com/65/ce/censorsh.html
(1233 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censorship |
| | Conceptions of censorship derive from Roman practice in which two officials were appointed by the government to conduct the census, award public contracts and supervise the manners and morals of the people. | | | With regard to television in the United States, censorship usually refers to the exclusion of certain topics, social groups or language from the content of broadcast programming. | | | They identify four types of governmental philosophy related to the issue of censorship; authoritarian, paternalistic, pluralistic and permissive. |
|
http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/C/htmlC/censorship/censorship.htm
(1917 words)
|
|
| |
| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Censorship of Books |
| | The closing paragraph (49) declares it to be the duty of the bishops to watch over the observance of the law and to employ, at discretion, monition or even punishment in case of contraventions not provided for by paragraphs 47 and 48. | | | Publications of this sort need only be submitted for censorship when, for special reasons, in consideration of circumstances of matter or time, examination and approbation seem to be necessary. | | | Its abuse may, in the worst cases, be condemned and punished according to common law, and the old censorship has nearly everywhere been replaced by more severe press-laws. |
|
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03519d.htm
(9032 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censorship - MSN Encarta |
| | The objectionable material may be considered immoral or obscene, heretical or blasphemous, seditious or treasonable, or injurious to the national security. | | | Today many persons, including some civil libertarians, object to the “new permissiveness” in the arts and mass media; they claim it debases the public taste, corrupts all sense of decency and civility, and even undermines civilization. | | | Spend less time searching and more time learning. |
|
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761559522/Censorship.html
(772 words)
|
|
| |
| | Internet Censorship Laws in Australia |
| | Some States/Territories have had Internet specific censorship laws in place since 1996, some enacted laws in 2000/2001, some had such laws pending and others had stated they had no intention of enacting such laws. | | | The amendments were without doubt the Government's reaction to EFA's efforts, which had been partially successful, to obtain information under FOI law about operation of the censorship regime. | | | In September 1999, draft model legislation was released for public comment by the NSW, SA and ACT governments. |
|
http://www.efa.org.au/Issues/Censor/cens1.html
(5372 words)
|
|
| |
| | From fatwas to the seven dirty words, no easy answers in the fight over censorship |
| | Censorship, whether enforced or only threatened, inevitably affects the work or works under scrutiny. | | | The risks of yelling "Censor!" too readily might be seen as analogous to Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes' memorable 1919 example of unprotected speech -- shouting "Fire!" in a crowded theater. | | | What matters now is controlling access to the information -- notably to minors -- and not the information itself. |
|
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/01/21/DDGN94D4QU14.DTL
(2558 words)
|
|
| |
| | Banned Book & Censorship Resources |
| | McClellan, Grant S. Censorship in the United States. | | | Historical Dictionary of Censorship in the United States. | | | The Comic Book Legal Defense Fund offers this very detailed bibliography of comics censorship, listing books, articles, legal publications, laws, and court cases. |
|
http://georgesuttle.com/censorship/censors-all.shtml
(3226 words)
|
|
| |
| | EFF: Online Censorship & Free Expression |
| | Topics include regulation of "indecency", the "V-chip", and common carrier obligations to refrain from content-based censorship on public access channels. | | | An example of the sensationalist journalism that has catapulted "cyberporn" from a non-issue to the legal fight of the century. | | | Directory of info on censorship and free expression issues, and privacy concerns, raised by reactionary anti-immigration legislation |
|
http://www.eff.org/Censorship
(1945 words)
|
|
| |
| | HOWTO bypass Internet Censorship, a tutorial on getting around filters and blocked ports |
| | For example only in 'Nordrhein-Westfalen' (a state of Germany) there is a censoring firewall, you can just subscribe to an ISP outside that state. | | | It sends your traffic encrypted through different mixes, so that absolutely nobody, not even the owner of on of the mixes know who is accessing which site. | | | Sure, I really don't like those guys but in my opinion no government or even a system administrator got the right to choose which information a individual have access to. |
|
http://www.zensur.freerk.com
(4615 words)
|
|
| |
| | Internet Censorship |
| | This year, New Mexico has already passed a draconian censorship law, and bills are pending in 10 other states. | | | ACLU, the current challenge to Internet censorship now pending before the U.S. Supreme Court. | | | The decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in United States v. |
|
http://www.epic.org/free_speech/censorship
(338 words)
|
|
| |
| | National Libertarian Party |
| | The Libertarian Party is the only political party in the United States with an explicit stand against censorship of computer communications in its platform. | | | The Libertarian Party also opposes restrictions on the development and use of cryptography. | | | The following organizations may not agree with the Libertarian Party on all issues, but share our opposition to censorship. |
|
http://www.lp.org/issues/lp-blue-ribbon.shtml
(309 words)
|
|
| |
| | censorship |
| | Censorship This page includes definitions of important terms, background information on censorship in general and on censorship on the internet, news stories about the issue, case studies of censorship cases, and various opinions on the question. | | | The Copyright Website This site seeks to encourage discourse and invite solutions to the myriad of copyright tangles that currently permeate the Web. | | | Families Against Internet Censorship FAIC is committed to opposing censorship on the Internet believing that parents are the people best suited to decide what their children should and should not see. |
|
http://www.scils.rutgers.edu/~kvander/censorship.html
(2222 words)
|
|
| |
| | Film Censorship |
| | The United States Supreme Court ruled that municipal censors could screen and, therefore, prevent a movie from being shown if it was found “obscene.” However, during the 1960s, community censorship laws slowly eroded under other legal challenges. | | | The commission heard a diverse array of opinions regarding the role of movies in American life; and the proceedings marked the waning of civic censorship. | | | A few years later, in a revealing confrontation over censorship, Chicago convened a Motion Picture Commission from September 1918 through May 1919 to hear testimony from a variety of people associated with the medium. |
|
http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/453.html
(421 words)
|
|
| |
| | Senator Lautenberg Calls for Censorship Hearings after Disney Refuses to Release Documentary because of Fear of ... |
| | As you know, the Supreme Court has stated that censorship of news media and political expression are the most dangerous forms of suppression of speech in our society. | | | Lautenberg's letter to Senator McCain is attached to this release. | | | In his letter to Commerce Committee Chairman Senator John McCain (R-AZ) requesting a hearing Lautenberg wrote, "While corporate leaders rarely exercise discretion over gross indecency or violence, we have seen a number of corporate conglomerates censor material recently based on political content." |
|
http://lautenberg.senate.gov/~lautenberg/press/2003/01/2004505B39.html
(539 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censored: Wielding the Red Pen - Introduction |
| | Every day some form of censorship occurs in the United States. | | | Scientific and official state documents, positing objectivity, have not remained immune from the red pen. | | | This prevalence of the red pen in a country founded on the Bill of Rights suggests that most people consider some things or ideas too dangerous or offensive to be made widely available. |
|
http://www.lib.virginia.edu/small/exhibits/censored/intro.html
(309 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Department of Internal Affairs: Censorship Compliance - Censorship Compliance |
| | One of our roles is to make sure that New Zealand's censorship legislation is enforced, and so help protect people from material that is injurious to the public good. | | | The law is clear about what can and can't be copied, but many people are not familiar with the rules. | | | New Zealand's censorship regime is governed by the |
|
http://www.censorship.dia.govt.nz
(734 words)
|
|
| |
| | Wartime censorship is alive and well and living on campus. By Dahlia Lithwick |
| | These firings and suspensions were not initiated by the government, and consequently they don't implicate the First Amendment. | | | And what's more, we do all this under the pretext of fostering openness and free expression. | | | Perhaps the most famous example of overzealous academic censorship is the decision of the University of South Florida to fire, then un-fire, and then ask a court whether they may constitutionally re-fire a computer engineering professor, Sami Al-Arian. |
|
http://www.slate.com/?id=2071214
(1150 words)
|
|
| |
| | beSpacific: Censorship Archives |
| | From the Center for Democracy and Technology: "A Pennsylvania federal court today struck down a state Internet censorship law as a violation of the First Amendment. | | | On a related issue, see my April 10 posting: U.S. District Judge Richard G. Stearns (MA) dismissed a lawsuit by the ACLU on behalf of Harvard law student and cyber-activist Ben Edelman who argued a first amendment right to create software to decrypt an Internet blocking program by N2H2. | | | Zittrain and Edelman have also posted another article, Real-Time Testing of Internet Filtering in China, which provides users with a mechanism to test whether specific sites are blocked. |
|
http://www.bespacific.com/mt/archives/cat_censorship.html
(6177 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censorship |
| | Based on research questioning the effectiveness of those state scholastic freedom of expression laws, it appears to be unlikely that similar laws protecting the First Amendment rights of college students will be as effective as proponents might expect. | | | TI: State Free Expression Laws and Scholastic Press Censorship. | | | AB: Discussion of censorship against books in public and school libraries focuses on intellectual freedom; First Amendment rights; and curriculum development to include lessons on the First Amendment. |
|
http://reading.indiana.edu/ieo/bibs/censor.html
(2378 words)
|
|
| |
| | Silenced: Censorship and Control of the Internet |
| | These include: applying laws and licenses, content filtering, tapping and surveillance, pricing and taxation policies, telecommunication markets manipulation, hardware and software manipulation and self censorship. | | | A wide variety of methods are used to restrict and/or regulate Internet access. | | | It is clear that in most countries over the past two years there has been an acceleration of efforts to either close down or inhibit the Internet. |
|
http://www.privacyinternational.org/survey/censorship
(669 words)
|
|
| |
| | Definitions |
| | 1.act or system of censoring: Censorship of news is common in time of war. | | | Hist." 361 The dignity of the censorship was...lessened by the Aemilian law. | | | 540 The law which subjected the press to a censorship. |
|
http://www.thefileroom.org/documents/Definitions.html
(1153 words)
|
|
| |
| | What is Censorship? |
| | These documents form the basis of the hope that the Internet might yet succeed in realizing its promise of providing a free and unencumbered flow of information throughout the world. | | | In many countries, the state justifies censorship with the claim that it is acting in loco parentis. | | | Such claims, whether interpreted as "state as parent" or "state as Big Brother," are responsible for many of the restrictions on information distribution found today across the world. |
|
http://www.gilc.org/speech/osistudy/censorship
(1913 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censorship, Free Speech & Secrecy Guide: Overview |
| | This site includes a detailed profile examining the shape of censorship in Australia and New Zealand from the 1780s onwards, providing a point of reference for understanding online content regulatory mechanisms, issues and advocacy groups. | | | It may have been valid when the net was the realm of right thinking wizards. | | | official secrets - offers another perspective on censorship (and on privacy) by examining official secrets legislation |
|
http://www.caslon.com.au/censorshipguide.htm
(560 words)
|
|
| |
| | ALA Intellectual Freedom and Censorship Q&A |
| | But under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, each of us has the right to read, view, listen to, and disseminate constitutionally protected ideas, even if a censor finds those ideas offensive. | | | Censorship is the suppression of ideas and information that certain persons—individuals, groups or government officials—find objectionable or dangerous. | | | Censorship also occurs when materials are restricted to particular audiences, based on their age or other characteristics. |
|
http://www.ala.org/ala/oif/basics/intellectual.htm
(1668 words)
|
|
| |
| | CENSORSHIP NEWS HavenWorks.com/censorship News Search Engines, Reference, Sources |
| | Censorship flourishes, too, through requirements that manuscripts be submitted to state authorities for approval and special licensing arrangements that oblige the books industry to get official stamps before a book can be published." - | | | "Wednesday, the high court begins examining whether Congress's latest attempt in this area, the Children's Internet Protection Act, is impermissible censorship or a justifiable attempt to shield American youths from harm." - | | | As CBS News Correspondent Mark Strassmann reports, under his bill, public school libraries could no longer buy new copies of plays or books by gay authors, or about gay characters."... |
|
http://havenworks.com/censorship
(2715 words)
|
|
| |
| | HUAC |
| | Instead, individual state censorship boards granted particular films licenses. | | | As the number of foreign films being imported into the United States after World War 11 grew, more and more of their distributors ended up going to the courts to ensure their right to rent their films to exhibitors. | | | As films seen in the United States increasingly were produced by non-Hollywood workers, the content of the films changed. |
|
http://www.moderntimes.com/palace/huac.htm
(1466 words)
|
|
| |
| | Studies in Intelligence |
| | The intention was to keep Tokyo in the dark about the effectiveness of the balloon “attacks.” Price subsequently asked for at least a partial release of information on the potential danger of the balloon bombs; however, the Navy refused. | | | His methods were to nudge and talk them into compliance under his motto: “Least said, soonest mended.” The civilian censors had no authority to excise material prior to publication or punish violators, although they could publish the names of those who stepped over the bounds. | | | Sweeney could have highlighted Corderman’s later SIS command and its exploitation of intercepted diplomatic communications— many in code—that were obtained from the cable censors who collected all diplomatic cable traffic into and out of the United States. |
|
http://www.cia.gov/csi/studies/vol46no3/article10.html
(1450 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censorship |
| | There is a great deal of self-censorship operating in all institutions in the United States. | | | Censorship is not only practised by governments and other organizations. | | | Individuals in a position to affect what the public hears also sometimes attempt to suppress free speech. |
|
http://www.serendipity.li/cda.html
(4750 words)
|
|
| |
| | O'Keefe Library-Best Information on the Net - Censorship |
| | Access, Internet and Public Libraries--a thoughtful study of all the issues involved in providing access to the internet in public libraries. | | | Freedom To Read Foundation--an agency of the American Library Association that will defend the freedom of information in court. | | | Censorship Pages--info on banned books, censorship of the net, quotations on censorship from major texts, and a discussion of issues. |
|
http://library.sau.edu/bestinfo/Hot/censor.htm
(205 words)
|
|
| |
| | BUBL LINK: Censorship |
| | List of books from 'Banned in the USA' by Herbert N. Foerstel showing the 50 books that were most frequently challenged in schools and public libraries in the United States between 1990 and 1992. | | | Documents about and links to material dealing with the question of Internet regulation and control (which many refer to as censorship). | | | Bi-monthly magazine for free speech, which aims to encourage debate on freedom of expression and how free speech affects the political issues of the moment. |
|
http://bubl.ac.uk/link/c/censorship.htm
(194 words)
|
|
| |
| | FAIR Archives: Browse By Issue Area |
| | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. | | | The Freedom Forum A First Amendment update and resource page. | | | Since governments almost always have an interest in controlling the free flow of information, official censorship is something that must be constantly guarded against. |
|
http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=7&issue_area_id=31
(522 words)
|
|
| |
| | CENSORSHIP |
| | Sure, we have laws telling us what types of things should be banned but who made the laws? | | | Music censorship is the action taken by any agency to limit or restrict anything in music that a community may find offensive to its beliefs or values. | | | In Canada there are four laws that try to control censorship: |
|
http://www.geocities.com/sociology_of_the_arts/Censorship_of_Music.html
(303 words)
|
|
| |
| | *Rock Out Censorship* |
| | This site and its contents are copyrighted (c) 1997-2003, Rock Out Censorship. | | | We are a grass roots anti-censorship organization seeking to counteract efforts being made across the political spectrum to deprive us of our First Amendment rights... | | | Download R.O.C. petitions to sign and circulate or sign online |
|
http://www.theroc.org
(395 words)
|
|
| |
| | Banned Books Online |
| | In 2003, the US Supreme Court upheld Congress' requirements, so libraries are now faced with choice of censorship or loss of funds. | | | In nervous times, politically motivated censorship has occurred in the United States as well. | | | More recent court decisions (such as one described in this ACLU press release) upheld the rights of anonymous speakers to criticize public officials online. |
|
http://digital.library.upenn.edu/books/banned-books.html
(4501 words)
|
|
| |
| | Jonah Goldberg's Goldberg File on National Review Online |
| | I wish we could have an argument about it. | | | Hollywood liberals, who claim that censorship is never warranted, make fools of themselves every time they open their mouths. | | | And, they believed, laws crafted at the local level — including censorship — could and should be aimed at maintaining good character. |
|
http://www.nationalreview.com/goldberg/goldberg051002.asp
(2101 words)
|
|
| |
| | Banned Books and Censorship -- A Closer Look at Book Banning |
| | The CBLDF exists to fight censorship and defend the first amendment rights of comic book professionals throughout the United States. | | | The File Room is an illustrated archive on censorship which you can browse, as well as add cases to. | | | "The bonfire was a very efficient form of censorship in an age when books were handwritten and existed in few copies. |
|
http://www.booksatoz.com/censorship/banned.htm
(436 words)
|
|
| |
| | (IRAYLS) - Censorship - Section of Libraries for Children and Young Adults |
| | Strategies to avoid censorship challenges include avoiding or removing titles which have been challenged elsewhere, avoiding or restricting all works by particular authors or artists, and avoiding certain subjects (such as the occult) because of their tendency to attract censorship challenges. | | | Censorship is a behavior everyone is taught at a young age, which works to keep us healthy, civilized and moral. | | | Alternatives to censorproofing include maintaining a board-approved and regularly reviewed mission statement, selection policy and complaint procedure, engaging in community analysis, having annual staff training, and participating in public information programs and political initiatives. |
|
http://www.ifla.org/VII/s10/irayls/censor.htm
(868 words)
|
|
| |
| | BBC NEWS Technology Microsoft censors Chinese blogs |
| | Microsoft said the company abided by the laws, regulations and norms of each country in which it operates. | | | It's a pity the people there won't be able to read these comments. | | | So let's talk about ethics, you give your money to a company that pays taxes or is owned by the Chinese government which in result is used to fund programs to censor and repress their people. |
|
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4088702.stm
(2079 words)
|
|
| |
| | Index on Censorship |
| | Index on Censorship's annual Freedom of Expression Awards have honoured journalists, writers, lawyers, campaigners, filmmakers and whistleblowers who have made a significant contribution to free expression over the past year. | | | Recent high profile disputes raise the question whether faiths should be protected from offence, curtailing free speech where necessary. | | | Index Index is a chronicle of censorship and free expression abuses in some 70 countries worldwide. |
|
http://www.indexonline.org
(533 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censorship |
| | History of film censorship in the UK Videostandards.org.uk (the law as it relates to video classification in the UK) | | | RAP, ROCK AND CENSORSHIP: Popular Culture and the Technologies of Justice - detailed account from Matthew Deflem. | | | Index On Censorship - magazine (print copies available in the school library) dealing with Free Speech issues from around the world. |
|
http://www.mediaknowall.com/violence/censornotes.html
(2069 words)
|
|
| |
| | Attacks on Intelligentsia: Censorship |
| | He did so by launching his policy of glasnost' in 1986, challenging the foundations of censorship by undermining the authority of the Union of Writers to determine which works were appropriate for publication. | | | The Soviet censorship system was thus more pervasive than that of the tsars or of most other recent dictatorships. | | | Statistical report of March 21, 1988, from V. Chebrikov, chairman of the KGB, detailing 1987 investigations of the distribution of anonymous publications hostile to the Soviet government and the Communist Party. |
|
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/attc.html
(387 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censorship |
| | Most of the censorship debate is not over violent or intense sexual depiction, it is over the right to portray dissenting opinions to authority -- in the States they fight over whether Bart Simpson's philosophy should be allowed to be broadcast! | | | Which is why the computer networks and satellite broadcasts are the new and most important battlefield for the Censorship discussion. | | | Maybe there is some objective standard to tell the disease from the vaccine. |
|
http://www.tabula-rasa.info/Horror/Censorship.html
(419 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Perilous Fight . Censorship PBS |
| | As part of the 1941 War Powers Act, the Lady's husband created the Office of Censorship, and appointed Byron Price, a respected Associated Press editor, to run it. | | | Their families were encouraged to write back frequently, sending light, happy letters that were non-specific about life and especially work at home. | | | That the First Lady would be so reprimanded demonstrates the scope and power of American censoring authorities during WW2. |
|
http://www.pbs.org/perilousfight/home_front/censorship
(387 words)
|
|
| |
| | THE FEMINISTS AGAINST CENSORSHIP WEB SITE |
| | Yes, supporting freedom of speech means you may have to hear and see expression that you don't like. | | | If you find yourself in a position to demand and get censorship, you can be sure you are among those who have the power, and you are acting to oppress others. | | | Follow the links to essays, announcements, campaigns, history, resources, and others who wish to promote the right to speak freely. |
|
http://www.fiawol.demon.co.uk/FAC
(243 words)
|
|
| |
| | PCWorld.com - China Finds Freedom Behind Great Firewall |
| | But the issue of Internet censorship and access to information in China is far more complex and nuanced than these criticisms and many Western media reports suggest. | | | In many cases, users were often aware of information contained on Web sites blocked by censors, reducing the significance of the government's censorship efforts. | | | Despite empirical evidence of Internet censorship in China, these efforts have not substantially restricted access to online information, according to one researcher. |
|
http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,116278,00.asp
(971 words)
|
|
| |
| | Israeli Military Censor Issues Instructions for Coverage of War in Iraq |
| | Given the current security situation, you are reminded that it is required to submit [for the Censor's review] all materials that could pose a threat to the security of the State of Israel and its residents, in accordance with the list of topics that is in your possession. | | | FAS Note: The following are translations of messages sent to Israeli publications, including online publications, by Israel's chief military censor, Brig. |
|
http://www.fas.org/sgp/news/2003/03/is031903.html
(517 words)
|
|
| |
| | Censorship Quotes, Freedom of Speech Sayings |
| | The only valid censorship of ideas is the right of people not to listen. ~Tommy Smothers | | | The fact is that censorship always defeats its own purpose, for it creates, in the end, the kind of society that is incapable of exercising real discretion. ~Henry Steele Commager | | | Obscenity is not a quality inherent in a book or picture, but is solely and exclusively a contribution of the reading mind, and hence cannot be defined in terms of the qualities of a book or picture. ~Theodore Schroeder |
|
http://www.quotegarden.com/censorship.html
(771 words)
|
|
| |
| | Technorati Tag: censorship |
| | A tag is like a subject or category. | | | Questia, Online Library - Censorship Research and discover over 1,000,000 books, journals and articles covering over 6,000 research topics, continuously updated - a complete academic library. | | | Censorship at MSN Shopping Find deals on a wide selection of products - Free Shipping Available. |
|
http://www.technorati.com/tags/censorship
(514 words)
|
|
|
