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| | Coercion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Specific coercion may be used as a legal defence in criminal cases for acts committed under threat of injury. | | | Coercion is the practice of compelling a person to act by employing threat of harm (usually physical force, sometimes other forms of harm). | | | Finally, ‘’economic’’ coercion is generally unlawful under most systems of anti-trust legislation, where it can amount to either a criminal offence – as under the Sherman Act of the US – or an administrative offence liable to a mere fine – as under EU legislation on the abuse of a dominant position. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coercion
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| | coercion on Encyclopedia.com |
| | The Supreme Court's coercion test: insufficient constitutional protection for America's religious minorities. | | | In the law of contracts, the use of unfair persuasion to procure an agreement is known as duress ; such a contract is void unless later ratified. | | | At common law, one who commits a crime under coercion may be excused if he can show that the danger of death or great bodily harm was present and imminent. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/c1/coercion.asp
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| | Kampala1 Netcom - Kampala, Uganda: Coercion in International Law |
| | In practice, many acts of political andeconomic coercion by states will go uncondemned to an extent that one mightbe able to say that circumstances in which political and economic coercionwill be regarded as illegal are likely to be rare. | | | It is generally recognised by states that certain forms of economicand political coercion against other states might be contrary tointernationallaw. | | | It is argued further that a state under coercion can react by usingarmed force against the coercing state. |
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http://www.kampala1.com/law/coercion.html
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| | BrothersJudd Blog: SIMPLE COERCION: |
| | One could also argue about the origin of certain sorts of coercion, which could be governmental or societal; and we would probably want to distinguish sharply between coercion originating with the state and coercion derived from background societal convention. | | | The first point about such a coercion-based approach to the Establishment Clause is that it frames the Clause not as a general provision for ordering good government, but as a guarantor of a negative liberty right. | | | Understanding the Establishment Clause as a guarantor of negative individual liberty against the state’s coercion makes the Clause look similar to many of the other rights found in the First Amendment in particular and the Bill of Rights more generally. |
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http://www.brothersjudd.com/blog/archives/009058.html
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| | Legal Definition: Coercion |
| | A married woman, for example, is legally under the subjection of her husband, and if in his company she commit a crime or offence, (except the offence of keeping a bawdy-house, in which case she is considered by the law as a principal), she is presumed to act under this coercion. | | | As will is necessary to the commission of a crime or the making of a contract, a person coerced into either has no will on the subject and is not responsible. | | | It is presumed where a person is legally under subjection to another and is induced in consequence of such subjection to do an act contrary to his will. |
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http://www.lectlaw.com/def/c244.htm
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| | Persuasion and Coercion by Gene Callahan |
| | Critics sometimes have attempted to discredit libertarianism by contending that, "Sure, we're all against someone initiating coercion against someone else, but coercion is a much fuzzier topic than libertarians are willing to admit." | | | If we agree that initiating coercion is to be avoided, then what should we make of coercion as a response to previous coercion? | | | Do copyright laws violate libertarian principle, or is it ignoring copyright notices that is coercive? |
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http://www.lewrockwell.com/callahan/callahan99.html
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| | Bratton |
| | Looking for coercion only in the air war and not the deterrence and compellence failures that preceded it effectively excludes from consideration many of the most interesting questions about coercion, about how it works and why it succeeds or fails. | | | Both compellent and deterrent threats (deterrence and compellence are both types of coercion) | | | For one scholar, whatever the form of coercion, the more important question “is not whether it works, but whether it is useful, and if so, whether it is worthwhile.” |
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http://www.nwc.navy.mil/press/Review/2005/summer/art5-su05.htm
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| | Taking Children Seriously: Coercion — the Meaning of the Word |
| | It may well be that Monica Lewinsky was not held coercively in the legal sense, but that she was acting under coercion, as Bill Clinton's lawyer appeared to be suggesting – that is to say, that she was acting against her own will rather than conflict-free about being in the hotel. | | | In the hearings for the impeachment of US President Bill Clinton, there was an argument on about whether or not Monica Lewinsky was coercively held in the hotel by the FBI or whether she was there of her own free will. | | | It may be that she was under the impression that she was being held (legally) too, or was David Kendall slightly equivocating? |
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http://www.takingchildrenseriously.com/coercion_the_meaning_of_the_word
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| | Coercion |
| | Whatever the avowed intent, pressures for cultural conformity are enforced by public recitation of a creed or a pledge of allegiance, acts which have the effect of rooting out and exposing any disaffected or heterodox among those assembled. | | | It usually has a pejorative connotation, implying that such force is unjustified or misapplied. | | | Coercion is often used to political ends, both by states and by other entities, such as established religion or cults. |
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http://www.yotor.com/wiki/en/co/Coercion.htm
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| | Coercion—More Costly Than You Think |
| | For coercion to work, the person being coerced must be monitored for compliance. | | | In either case, Mary has paid a high cost for resolving the dispute. | | | First, Mary must be able to exercise her power. |
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http://www.mediate.com/articles/noll11.cfm?nl=48
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| | The Case Against Psychiatric Coercion |
| | In social affairs, power is usually defined as the ability to compel obedience. | | | The article may not be reproduced without permission of the institute. | | | The paradigmatic exercise of psychiatric coercion is the imposition of an ostensibly diagnostic or therapeutic intervention on subjects against their will, legitimized by the state as protection of subjects from madness and protection of the public from the mad. |
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http://www.iatrogenic.org/library/case.html
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| | Coercion, a Preliminary Definition |
| | against someone who has not committed a coercive act against anyone) and retaliatory coercion (the use of coercive force in retaliation against | | | heart, whether it be good or bad manners, is this an act of violent coercion | | | someone who has initiated the use of coercion against someone). |
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http://www.laissez-fairerepublic.com/Coercion.htm
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| | Sullivan, Mechanism for Strategic Coercion (abstract) |
| | Simply stated, strategic coercion is the act of inducing or compelling an adversary to do something to which he is averse. | | | Both mechanisms for coercion may be insufficient by themselves. | | | Theoretically, one may be able to coerce a target nation by raising the expected costs to a prohibitive level, but Pape advocates that this is generally ineffective in conventional conflicts. |
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http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/aupress/SAAS_Theses/SAASS_Out/Sullivan/Sullivan_about_out.htm
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| | Coercion I |
| | The fact that the facility was more powerful a predictor of use of seclusion restrains than psychiatric diagnosis warrants attention. | | | This topic has become more salient with the increased use of outpatient commitment by different states. | | | MHADs may also reduce patient perceptions of coercion by increasing their “voice” in the commitment decision and thereby affording them a greater sense that they have been accorded “procedural” justice. |
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http://www.ialmh.org/Montreal2001/Sessions/coercion.htm
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| | The MacArthur Coercion Study |
| | (For a review, see Poythress, N., Petrila, J., McGaha, A., and Boothroyd, R. Perceived coercion and procedural justice in the Broward County Mental Health Court. | | | Rather, the amount of coercion experienced is strongly related to a patient's belief about the justice of the process by which he or she was admitted. | | | A significant minority of legally "voluntary" patients experience coercion, and a significant minority of legally "involuntary" patients believe that they freely chose to be hospitalized. |
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http://www.macarthur.virginia.edu/coercion.html
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| | EH: Coercion (fwd) |
| | If it says that I must pay a $10,000 fine, the coercion is | | | Is coercion necessary for the provision of public goods? | | | If the state says that either I serve or I am subject to |
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http://www.eh.net/lists/archives/econhist/feb-1995/0292.php
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| | WHO 1. Global Public Goods and Health: concepts and issues |
| | Limitations of international law impose constraints on formal coercion: there are no mechanisms available for formal coercion of national governments, and formal coercion of non-state actors relies on governments introducing laws within their respective jurisdictions. | | | There are two ways to negate these problems: coercion and/or compensation. | | | Those who may lose from the provision of GPGs, financially or otherwise, have an incentive for political and economic action against the decision to provide the public good and no incentive to play any part in its provision. |
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http://www.who.int/trade/distance_learning/gpgh/gpgh1/en/index14.html
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| | Collective Intentionality [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] |
| | And in normal cases of shared intention (cases where there is no coercion or where I am not in control of your actions), the other agent is seen as being in control of his or her own actions. | | | Often joint commitments are coerced because the person who is doing the coercion needs the commitment of others in order to carry through with their actions. | | | A second aspect that distinguishes the obligations of a joint commitment from other types of obligation is the interdependence of the commitments makes it the case that no one member can rescind a joint commitment. |
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http://www.iep.utm.edu/c/coll-int.htm
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| | PPL -- Notes on Class 14 -- Coercion |
| | Then, let us examine the simplest case where a chain of super-type relations exist among all types in the system. | | | Work also when generic functions are not only defined for 2 arguments or for 2 arguments of the same type. | | | This is done using the mechanism of coercion also known as type casting. |
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http://www.cs.bgu.ac.il/~brafman/ppl/class14.html
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| | Greenwood Publishing Group I1 |
| | It is the infringement upon social autonomy that is objectionable about coercion. | | | His thesis is that coercion `is a relational and dynamic concept that is definable mainly with respect to relative and shifting spheres of autonomy.' After discussing coercion from an empirical point of view, the author proceeds to examine subjective (role and intersubjectivity) factors in this concept. | | | Few subjects in contemporary philosophical and political debate are more cloaked in ambiguity than the issue of coercion -- whether on an individual or global scale or in areas as diverse as family relations, employment, and international finance. |
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http://info.greenwood.com/books/0313228/0313228191.html
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| | WEPIN Store |
| | (If my absentminded friend carelessly steps onto the road, I might do the same.) In both these cases, however, I should immediately apologize for the use of coercion. | | | Whenever I pay taxes, I practice indirect coercion. | | | This is also the level of the sophisticated criminal, the conman, the embezzler. |
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http://www.wepin.com/store/freetech/step04.html
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| | frontline: merchants of cool: douglas rushkoff: coercion PBS |
| | Excerpted (with permission) from the "Advertising" chapter of Rushkoff's recent book (published by Putnam); copyright 2000, Douglas Rushkoff | | | That's all coercion really is, after all: convincing a person to lie to himself by any means necessary. | | | Thinking of yourself as hip enough to "get" it--no matter what "it" may be--means being susceptible to lying to yourself, and to being programmed as a result. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/cool/rushkoff/coercion.html
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| | 3.3.8 Coercion rules |
| | This section used to document the rules for coercion. | | | As the language has evolved, the coercion rules have become hard to document precisely; documenting what one version of one particular implementation does is undesirable. | | | Mixed-mode operations on types that don't define coercion pass the original arguments to the operation. |
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http://docs.python.org/ref/coercion-rules.html
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| | Coercion |
| | In other cases Magma may still be able to perform the coercion, provided the target structure has been specified; for this type of coercion | | | Before the operation can be performed however, an element may need to be coerced into some structure in which the operation can legally be performed. | | | It is good to keep an important general distinction between automatic and forced coercion in mind: whether or not automatic coercion will succeed depends on the originating and the target structure alone, while for forced coercion success may depend on the particular element as well. |
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http://www.math.lsu.edu/magma/text510.htm
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| | Comments on Chapter Five:Coercion in General |
| | Perhaps coercion itself should be presumed 'unworkable' also; it also often enrages its subject so as to prevent compliance; however--in many situations, many kinds of coercion DO work to get compliance; for instance, my employer is effectively coerced by the State (using quiet,steady pressure) to withhold my income tax and social security. | | | More generally, there is a presumption that coercion is humiliating, while there is no such presumption about persuading or using free offers. | | | Coercion is 'located' in a general taxonomy of 'forms of influence'. |
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http://lamar.colostate.edu/~dlyons/ch5.htm
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| | EH: Coercion-->fasces? (fwd) |
| | coercion: to individual death and communal war (of which | | | This is a stamp of the modern nation-state with the power of | | | that of simply keeping under or back: coercion is always |
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http://www.eh.net/lists/archives/econhist/feb-1995/0263.php
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| | HAVEWORLD: Coercion |
| | To force to act or think in a certain way by use of pressure, threats, or intimidation; compel. | | | One biologist was boasting about how the dolphins were performing tricks without any coercion. | | | The only thing she was doing was feeding the dolphin (used as positive reinforcement) after performing new tricks. |
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http://haveworld.blogspot.com/2005/02/coercion_24.html
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Infallibility |
| | The all-important circumstance should be added that the pope so acted under pressure of a very cruel coercion, which at once deprives his action of any claim to be considered ex cathedra, and that he himself, as soon as he had recovered his liberty, made amends for the moral weakness he had been guilty of. | | | The charge against Pope Honorius is a double one: that, when appealed to in the Monothelite controversy, he actually taught the Monothelite heresy in his two letters to Sergius; and that he was condemned as a heretic by the Sixth Ecumenical Council, the decrees of which were approved by Leo II. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07790a.htm
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| | Reason magazine -- April 2000, Ad Vice by Timothy Virkkala |
| | For those of us who use the word coercion in its conventional sense--that is, as the use or threat of force--the questions about Rushkoff's book start with its title. | | | In Coercion, he purports to reveal not a promised land but our most grievous faults. | | | Once upon a time, Douglas Rushkoff thought the Internet and other new media were going to unleash the power of individuals over institutions. |
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http://reason.com/0004/bk.tv.ad.shtml
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| | Amazon.com: Books: Coercion : Why We Listen to What "They" Say |
| | This is why people need to understand these principles in order to avoid the damage of coercion on their person. | | | Retreading territory covered by critic Neil Postman and others, Rushkoff provides additional examples of how the ordinary person is often unsuspectingly manipulated, whether in the shopping mall, at a sports event or in a Muzak-drenched store or office. | | | In a scathing critique that extends far beyond cyberspace in scope, Rushkoff identifies the subtle forms of coercion used by advertisers, public relations experts, politicians, religious leaders and customer service reps, among others. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/157322829X?v=glance
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| | Will Wilkinson / The Fly Bottle: Coercion: WTF? |
| | This is more salient than having courses of action closed off by, say, a set of tarrifs, but the result is the same. | | | In fact, the thing that seems wrong to me about coercion is just that it closes off a possible course of action that I should be free to choose. | | | If, in order to get a huge increase in abilities and possibilities for my future, I had to accept some small amount of structural coercion that would block off a much smaller set of abilities and possibilities, then I'd be quite glad for the coercion. |
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http://willwilkinson.net/flybottle/archives/2003/04/coercion_wtf.html
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| | Coercion Quotes |
| | The argument for liberty is not an argument against organization, which is one of the most powerful tools human reason can employ, but an argument against all exclusive, privileged, monopolistic organization, against the use of coercion to prevent others from doing better. | | | ...if we wish to preserve a free society, it is essential that we recognize that the desirability of a particular object is not sufficient justification for the use of coercion. | | | Heresies in either can rarely be cured by persecution. |
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http://quotes.liberty-tree.ca/quotes.nsf/QuotesByCat!ReadForm&RestrictToCategory=Coercion
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| | Israel: Don't Coerce Civilians to Do Army's Work (Human Rights Watch, 18-4-2002) |
| | In addition to the systematic coercion of civilians, the report also documents other serious violations during the IDF raids, including acts of physical ill treatment of civilians, excessive damage to civilian properties, and collective punishments in the form of house demolitions. | | | It also documents one case of hostage-taking, in which soldiers held and deliberately shot an unarmed civilian in the leg to force his brother, a "wanted" Palestinian, to surrender. |
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http://www.hrw.org/press/2002/04/israel041802.htm
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| | coercion |
| | A common example is coercion of integers to reals so that an expression like sin(1) is compiled as sin(integerToReal(1)) where sin is of type Real -> Real. | | | (Or "coercion") The abilty of some compilers to automatically insert type conversion functions where an expression of one type is used in a context where another type is expected. | | | A coercion is usually performed automatically by the compiler whereas a cast is an explicit type conversion inserted by the programmer. |
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http://www.linuxguruz.com/foldoc/foldoc.php?coercion
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| | Nothing but Coercion |
| | Sadly, this flawed reinterpretation — supported only by written statements from China and the UNFPA which allege that UNFPA is involved only in regions of China where coercion does not exist — has received subsequent concurrence from the U.S. Secretary of State, Colin Powell, in a State Department memo dated February 2, 2001. | | | Both the Chinese State Family Planning Commission (SEPC) and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) claim that coercion does not exist in thirty-two county family planning programs supported and jointly managed by the UNFPA in China. | | | UNFPA clearly supports this program, which is implemented through forced abortion and non-voluntary sterilization, and is therefore in violation of Kemp-Kasten. |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/699920/posts
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| | BLACKFIVE: Kerry Coercion |
| | Listed below are links to weblogs that reference Kerry Coercion: | | | SPC Lacourse can make a credible claim that she must have been picking her nail when they snapped the pic. | | | I thought it was that old traditional Hawaiian "Good Luck" sign."" |
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http://www.blackfive.net/main/2005/01/kerry_coercion.html
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| | :: Douglas Rushkoff :: |
| | The truth is out there, but Coercion brings it home. | | | Coercion is destined to be remembered as a watershed event in the battle between the marketing industry and the public it means to manipulate. | | | With subversive clarity, Rushkoff exposes the secret war being waged for the hearts, minds, and dollars of Americans by the dark lords of government and commerce. |
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http://www.rushkoff.com/coercion.html
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| | The Haworth Press Online Catalog: Product: 'Sexual Coercion in Dating Relationships' |
| | For example, one author tests the empirical assumptions inherent in a prominent theory about the causes of sexual coercion. | | | All of the chapters challenge current beliefs related to the issue of sexual coercion and are designed to spur researchers and educators forward into new ground. | | | The words “sexual coercion” (synonyms with “sexual aggression” and “sexual assault”) conjure in the minds of many the image of a deranged man attacking a woman stranger in a dark place where she should know better than to be walking alone. |
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http://www.haworthpressinc.com/store/product.asp?sku=1398
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| | CD Baby: ERNIE PAYNE: coercion street - from scottp |
| | Ernie is about to be signed to a major label. | | | Ernie Payne *coercion street* (a review from Australia) | | | If you haven't made any purchases on line yet then here is a perfect opportunity. |
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http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/erniepayne/from/scottp
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| | Coercion |
| | Coercion is defined as the use of force to restrain, dominate or threat. | | | Coercion involves pain, and involves the discounting of feeling. | | | The belief that people will not work hard unless coerced is an insidious belief. |
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http://www.noogenesis.com/malama/coercion.html
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| | COERCION |
| | Rather, IMO, we are trying to inform all, especially ideologists of either left or right, just how irrational and counter-productive or even dangerous the political pursuit of any collective end, ideal or goal must be by definition. | | | The relevance of all this to the thread's subject; "coercion" seems to me to be seminal. |
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http://www.anti-state.com/forum/index.php?board=16;action=display;threadid=8054
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| | Merriam-Webster Online |
| | For More Information on "coercion" go to Britannica.com | | | Get the Top 10 Search Results for "coercion" |
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http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=coercion
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| | :: Douglas Rushkoff :: |
| | Coercion wins the 2002 Marshall McLuhan Award for best media book! |
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http://www.rushkoff.com
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