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| | Crime against humanity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | A crime against humanity is a term in international law that refers to acts of murderous persecution against a body of people, as being the criminal offence above all others. | | | Article 6 stated that the Tribunal was established for the trial and punishment of the major war criminals of the European Axis countries; paragraph 6.a defined crimes against peace, 6.b war crimes and paragraph 6.c: | | | The "Rome Statute" provides for the ICC to have jurisdiction over genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity
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| | BIGpedia - War crime - Encyclopedia and Dictionary Online |
| | A war crime is a punishable offense, under international law, for violations of the law of war by any person or persons, military or civilian. | | | War crimes are sometimes part of instances of mass murder and genocide though these crimes are more broadly covered under international humanitarian law described as crimes against humanity. | | | However, several nations, most notably the United States, China, and Israel, have criticized the court, refused to participate in it or permit the court to have jurisdiction over their citizens. |
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http://www.bigpedia.com/encyclopedia/War_crime
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| | UNHCR - Note on the Exclusion Clauses |
| | The three categories of excludable acts and crimes specified in Article 1F of the Convention are: crimes against peace, war crimes and crimes against humanity, serious non-political crimes, and acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. | | | [4] All three crimes under this exclusion clause are included in the draft statute for the proposed permanent international criminal court, namely genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and crimes against peace. | | | Some excludable crimes may fall under more than one category, such as genocide, which can be considered both a war crime and a crime against humanity. |
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http://www.unhcr.ch/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/home/opendoc.htm?tbl=EXCOM&id=3ae68cf68&page=exec
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| | Crime against peace - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In 1950, the Nuremberg Tribunal defined Crimes against Peace (in Principle VI.a, submitted to the United Nations General Assembly) as | | | The Security Council shall determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make recommendations, or decide what measures shall be taken in accordance with Articles 41 and 42, to maintain or restore international peace and security. | | | The Security Council shall, when it deems necessary, call upon the parties to settle their dispute by such means. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_against_peace
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| | Principles of international co-operation in the detection, arrest, extradition and punishment of persons guilty of war ... |
| | Persons against whom there is evidence that they have committed war crimes and crimes against humanity shall be subject to trial and, if found guilty, to punishment, as a general rule in the countries in which they committed those crimes. | | | War crimes and crimes against humanity, wherever they are committed, shall be subject to investigation and the persons against whom there is evidence that they have committed such crimes shall be subject to tracing, arrest, trial and, if found guilty, to punishment. | | | States shall not take any legislative or other measures which may be prejudicial to the international obligations they have assumed in regard to the detection, arrest, extradition and punishment-of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity. |
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http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/p_extrad.htm
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| | War Crimes |
| | Complicity in the commission of a crime against peace, a war crime, or a crime against humanity as set forth in Principles VI is a crime under international law. | | | The Contracting Parties confirm that genocide, whether committed in time of peace or in time of war, is a crime under international law which they undertake to prevent and to punish. | | | Principle II The fact that internal law does not impose a penalty for an act which constitutes a crime under international law does not relieve the person who committed the act from responsibility under international law. |
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http://www.oilempire.us/warcrime.html
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| | illegal |
| | The threat by the United States to resort to force against the Republic of Iraq without the explicit authorization of the Security Council constitutes therefore a threat to the peace, that is a breach of Article 2(4) of the Charter. | | | Should aggression against Iraq be committed, US leaders would be individually liable to prosecution under the terms of the Draft Code above as well as under the terms of the Nurnberg Charter of 1945. | | | Any individual to whom responsibility for acts constituting aggression is attributed under this Code shall be liable to be tried and punished for a crime against peace. |
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http://www.umassd.edu/specialprograms/mideastaffairs/illegal.htm
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| | A Crime Against Peace |
| | case that the imminent war on Iraq itself constitutes a crime against | | | It should be obvious that a crime remains a crime no matter how | | | not now an aggressor against any of its neighbors. |
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http://luna.cas.usf.edu/~weiskopf/crimevspeace.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The proposed court would be competent to deal only with the three Nuremberg Charter crimes: aggression, crimes against humanity and war crimes, to which were added genocide and crimes prohibited by widely-accepted treaties prohibiting such crimes of international concern as torture, hostage-taking, aircraft hi-jacking, apartheid, drug trafficking and attacks on U.N. personnel. | | | Ad hoc courts, created after tragedies occurred, to punish a limited number of crimes committed in a limited area during a limited time, is not an ideal way to assure universal justice. | | | The war crimes trials in Nuremberg, Tokyo and elsewhere, the consensus definition of aggression and the two ad hoc tribunals created by the Security Council were foundation stones illuminating the path toward a permanent International Criminal Court (ICC). |
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http://www.iccnow.org/documents/otherissues/PreventingAggression.doc
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| | Tajikistan Criminal Code -- Prevent Genocide International |
| | (1) Citizens of the Republic Tajikistan and permanent residents without citizenship are liable to criminal responsibility for crimes committed outside the Republic Tajikistan in conformity with this Code in case if they were not punished under the court verdict of any other state. | | | (2) Minors under the age of 18 and women who have committed crimes are not subject to capital punishment. | | | It also grants national courts universal jurisdiction (article 15) over grave breaches and other serious violations of international humanitarian law and does away with statutory limitations. |
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http://www.preventgenocide.org/law/domestic/tajikistan.htm
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| | Trials of German Major War Criminals: Volume 19 |
| | However, he was obviously compelled to recognize that in practice this idea must lead to impossible consequences. | | | Therefore, I shall now go into the individual charges of the prosecution in order to show that Fritzsche is not guilty of having committed such acts. | | | Here it is certainly not a question of only an apparent legal loophole. |
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http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/imt/tgmwc/tgmwc-19/tgmwc-19-185-11.shtml
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| | The Opening Address: United States of America |
| | While it is quite proper to employ the fiction of responsibility of a state or corporation for the purpose of imposing a collective liability, it is quite intolerable to let such a legalism become the basis of personal immunity. | | | An International Law which operates only on states can be enforced only by war because the most practicable method of coercing a state is warfare. | | | That is what illegal warfare is. This principle of personal liability is a necessary as well as logical one if International Law is to render real help to the maintenance of peace. |
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http://www.vex.net/~nizkor/hweb/imt/nca/nca-01/nca-01-05-opening-address-usa-15.html
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| | Frederick K. Cox International Law Center War Crimes Research Portal - Search Results |
| | The International Law Commission provides a copy of the draft code of the crimes against the peace and security of Mankind from 1996. | | | The ICC will include in its jurisdiction the crime of aggression, only once an acceptable definition is adopted. | | | He says that not including crimes of aggression would "grant immunity to those responsible for 'the supreme international crime.'" |
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http://lawwww.cwru.edu/war-crimes-research-portal/links.asp?id=12
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| | Proposed Congresional Authorization Of War Against Iraq Without Security Council Approval Violates International Law ... |
| | Rights (CCR), “The issue of obtaining authority for war from the Security Council is not merely a legal nicety,it is a legal requirement. | | | A key issue for Congress is whether it will condition the use of military force on Security Council approval or whether it will permit the President to go it alone--without such approval from the Security Council. | | | : On Wednesday, October 2, Congress is slated to debate if and whether it will authorize a war against |
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http://www.humanrightsnow.org/failure_security_council_approval_iraq_war.htm
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| | [PAX HUMANA] - A CRIME AGAINST PEACE, by Americans Against the War |
| | It is no coincidence that the US national security strategy, published in September 2002, sets forth a doctrine that capitalises on United States military and economic might to maintain the US as the sole superpower, able to impose its will on the rest of the world. | | | We must press for an emergency meeting of the UN General Assembly, where no state has a veto, to pass a resolution condemning this illegal war. | | | Bush has said, "War crimes will be prosecuted, war criminals will be punished." For once, we agree with him ! |
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http://paxhumana.info/article.php3?id_article=84
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| | BBC NEWS UK War with Iraq 'could be illegal' |
| | A group of 16 academic lawyers have questioned the validity of an attack on Iraq under UN resolution 1441. | | | "If a second resolution is voted against, or vetoed, the legal ground looks a bit shaky. | | | But if that failed, the International Criminal Court would have jurisdiction." |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/2826331.stm
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| | Peace Action |
| | • U.S. Federal Law 18 U.S.C. § 2441 (War Crimes Act of 1996) makes committing a war crime, defined as: “
a grave breach in any of the international conventions signed at Geneva 12 August 1949, or any protocol to such convention to which the United States is a party
” punishable by fine, imprisonment, or death. | | | In our system, the remedy for such high crimes is clear: this administration must be impeached. | | | We urge you as sincerely and solemnly as possible, to begin impeachment proceedings against President Bush and Vice-President Cheney in the House of Representatives and follow that with a trial in the Senate. |
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http://www.democracyinaction.org/Peaceact/campaign.jsp?campaign_KEY=518
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| | Peace for Colombia: A Great Alliance Against Crime |
| | The Colombian legal structure is not adequate in the search for peace.... | | | To negotiate with an insurgency that challenges the constitutional order of a nation requires patience, audacity, and indeed a certain amount of creativity. | | | It also requires that there be a single score for peace on the part of the state, with the sole spokesperson the president, or in his place, his high commissioner. |
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http://colhrnet.igc.org/newsletter/y1999/winter99art/victorr.htm
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| | The Rambouillet Ultimatum: a crime against peace and an insult to reason |
| | But we are strongly against not having talks at all, and being asked to sign something which could eventually be a draft agreement as an agreement, never meeting those with whom we should have agreed. | | | Of course, we have nothing against preparing a draft document for the start of the talks. | | | The document is still a draft (!) and its *American* author expresses optimism - optimism! |
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http://emperors-clothes.com/gilwhite/rambouillet.htm
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| | Axis History Forum :: View topic - Can someone explain to me the warcrime charges? |
| | With this overview you may be able to get a better appreciation of the Nuernberg and other war crimes trials. | | | Among civilized nations, if relations between those countries become tense, one or more of those countries can renounce the treaty -- in other words, give public notice that the renouncing country no longer considers itself bound by the pact. | | | War crimes are a separate offense, that has its origins in the "customs and usages of war." In medieval Europe, wars between Christian states were characterized by somewhat more civilized behavior than wars against Moslem or other non-Christian states. |
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http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=25160
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| | Vatican keeps up drumbeat against war in Iraq |
| | The Vatican also kept up its rhetorical drumbeat, with unusually strong comments suggesting that armed force without United Nations authorization would be illegal, and that the United States may be acting on the basis of its desire to control Iraq’s oil resources. | | | Not all Catholic figures were content with the Vatican’s full court press against the war. | | | Archbishop Jean-Louis Tauran, the Vatican’s foreign minister, warned Feb. 24 at a conference on peace at a Roman hotel that “a war of aggression would be a crime against peace,” especially if that war were launched “by one or more states” outside the framework of the United Nations. |
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http://www.natcath.com/NCR_Online/archives/030703/030703i.htm
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| | Partners in Crime: U.S. Complicity in the War Crimes of Saddam Hussein |
| | Of all the conventions in humanitarian law, none is more relevant to contemporary affairs than the Nuremberg principle: "Complicity in the commission of a crime against peace, a war crime, or a crime against humanity, is a crime under international law." | | | The jurists at Nuremberg enacted the law of complicity only after long deliberations about the essential dynamics of modern war crimes. | | | There is no better interpreter of war crimes, of man's inhumanity to man, than Hannah Arendt, who published a definitive book on the trial of Adolf Eichmann in 1963. |
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http://www.commondreams.org/views03/1223-11.htm
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| | Pope, others portray possible strike on Iraq as criminal, immoral : NC Indymedia |
| | Unless otherwise stated by the author, all content is free for non-commercial reuse, reprint, and rebroadcast, on the net and elsewhere. | | | "crime against peace" with no justification on grounds of self-defense. | | | against Iraq is neither legally nor morally justified. |
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http://chapelhill.indymedia.org/print.php?id=2891
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| | Totus Tuus Ministries - Apologetic & Other Free Essays - Abortion: A Crime Against Humanity |
| | The legalization of this monstrous crime has allowed the slaughter of more than 33 million unborn babies. | | | In 1973 the United States Supreme Court in 1973 legalized abortion in the case of Roe v. | | | And moreover, ‘that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends [namely, the inalienable rights to life and to liberty], it is the right of the people to alter or abolish [that government], and to institute new government.’” |
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http://www.totustuus.com/crime.htm
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| | The Pilot-Independent - Walker, Minnesota |
| | Is the United States engaged in a crime against peace? | | | It is also ironic that July 1 the leaders of China and Russia signed and issued a Joint Statement on 21st Century World Order that envisions a world that most of the citizens of the world would hope to see. | | | Countries should respect the human rights and basic freedoms enshrined in the universal declaration of human rights. |
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http://www.walkermn.com/placed/index.php?sect_rank=9&story_id=206273
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| | Basic principles of the RDR |
| | RDR reiterates its demand that the ITR mandate be revised, especially by extending the period covered. | | | The RDR is a political organization, whose aim is to struggle for a rule of law, justice, democracy, republican values and to establish the whole truth about the Rwandan tragedy. | | | We reiterate the need of a rule of law and a society managed without any kind of exclusion, based on freedom, justice, peace and respecting the Universal Declaration fo Human Rights. |
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http://www.rdrwanda.org/english/basic_principles/Basic_principles.html
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| | Zenit News Agency - The World Seen From Rome |
| | The Holy See's position is that every action "must be undertaken and decided in the context of the United Nations. | | | At a conference on peace held today in Rome, Archbishop Jean-Louis Tauran, Vatican secretary for relations with states, referred to Paragraph 4 of Article 2 of the U.N. Charter, which states that nations must not engage in war as a means to resolve international differences. | | | VATICAN CITY, FEB. 24, 2003 (Zenit.org).- A unilateral war against Iraq, without the approval of the U.N. Security Council, would be a "crime against peace," says a Vatican official. |
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http://www.zenit.org/english/visualizza.phtml?sid=31818
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| | Iraq war: “Crime against peace” - |
| | The United States violated international rules governing the use of force. | | | This deceptive behavior violated the international laws of war outlined in the 1907 Hague Convention on the Opening of Hostilities to which the United States is a signatory. | | | and his accomplices with war crimes and crime against humanity. |
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http://www.aljazeeramagazine.com/cgi-bin/news_service/middle_east_full_story.asp?service_id=10390
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| | NathanNewman.org |
| | Posted by: Jack Stephens at March 19, 2003 03:04 AM Jack, there are no courts for Security Council resolutions, so as the chief executive of the Security Council, Annan is in the full position to interpret what 1441 means, far more than one member of the Security Council. | | | President Bush already has a joint resolution of Congress authorizing him to "use the Armed Forces of the United States as he determines to be necessary and appropriate in order to (1) defend the national security of the United States against the continuing threat posed by Iraq...." | | | MILITARY intervention against Iraq would be a crime against peace demanding vengeance before God, the head of the Vatican's Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace has said. |
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http://www.nathannewman.org/log/archives/000863.shtml
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| | Veterans Voices Against Gulf War 2 |
| | Superior orders are no excuse for violating the laws of war, though they may be considered in mitigation of punishment. | | | Each soldier must know what is or is not a war crime, a crime against peace, or a crime against humanity. | | | Throughout the history of the world those who make a commitment to peace have endured isolation and retaliation when they challenged the individuals and governments seeking economic and political advantages. |
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http://www.oz.net/~vvawai/sw/sw46/vets-voices.html
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| | H.E. Mr.Vladislav Jovanovic: AGGRESSION - A CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY |
| | As to the so-called passive subjects against whom crimes were committed, it should be pointed out that, in the overwhelming of cases, their victims were civilians. | | | The aggression against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is a continuation of interference in the internal affairs of that State that dates back to a much earlier period and is exemplified, among others, by the instigation of secessionism in some of its former Republics, which resulted in civil war. | | | At this moment, the judges of the court are rescuing the international community from chaos and lawlessness, bringing it back from the bound of no return. |
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http://www.iacenter.org/warcrime/jovanovic.htm
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| | HawaiiNews.com: State takes stand against Patriot Act |
| | Posted by Poi on May 3, 2003 04:10 PM | | | And in America, nearly all the crime with guns is in the big cities where the laws prohibit all the citizens from having guns. |
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http://www.hawaiinews.com/archives/politics/000133.shtml
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| | Press Release 1_18_03 |
| | This constitutes a Crime Against Peace - for which Nazi leaders were prosecuted at the Nuremberg Trials - and violates the UN Charter. | | | A Crime Against Peace is defined as "planning, preparation, initiation or waging of a war of aggression, or a war in violation of international treaties, agreements or assurances, or participation in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of any of the foregoing." By invading Iraq, Bush has committed a Crime Against Peace. | | | Democrats.com is continually updating a compendium of war crimes based on documented news stories. |
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http://www.mecawi.org/warcrimes4_27.html
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| | Press Action ::: Disinformation: A Crime Against Humanity and a Crime Against Peace |
| | Disinformation: A Crime Against Humanity and a Crime Against Peace | | | The aim would be to hold the perpetrators of disinformation and war propaganda legally and morally accountable for their violation of the public trust. | | | Disinformation—its creation and propagation—is a crime against humanity and a crime against peace; |
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http://www.pressaction.com/news/weblog/full_article/petersen02172005
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| | Crime against international law - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Crime against international law |
| | This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. | | | Body of rules generally accepted as governing the relations between countries, pioneered by Hugo Grotius, especially in matters of human rights, territory, and war. | | | The scope of the law is now extended to space – for example, the 1967 treaty that (among other things) banned nuclear weapons from space. |
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http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Crime+against+international+law
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| | Sara Flounders: NATO and the Crime Against Peace |
| | AI’s report did not address the crime that at Nuremburg was considered the greatest crime, the crime from which all others flow: the Crime Against Peace, the crime of initiating a war, of planning and preparing a war. | | | It is the Crime against Peace, of initiating war that we will first focus on today. | | | Sara Flounders: NATO and the Crime Against Peace |
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http://www.iacenter.org/warcrime/sflounders.htm
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| | Civil Disobedience Action by Religious Leaders |
| | Nobel Peace Laureate Mairead Corrigan Maguire, former State | | | WHAT: This War is a 'Crime Against Peace'! | | | WHO: Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Mairead Corrigan Maguire; Former State and |
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http://www.tibet.ca/en/wtnarchive/2003/3/25_1.html
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| | The Inconsistent Statement of Archbishop Martino by Gary Morella @ War in Iraq @ TraditionInAction.org |
| | Archbishop Renato Martino, president of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, told a Vatican Radio audience that a war against Iraq would be "a crime against peace that would cry out for God's vengeance" (CWNews.com, March 17, 2003). | | | Is Archbishop Martino's avenging God going to act against those who are following God's law by obedience to just authority in defending themselves against terrorists sponsoring states who have weapons of mass destruction, and have been proven to have the ruthless mentality to use them indiscriminately? | | | The Vatican is losing all credibility via shrill voices like Martino and Pio Laghi who tell sovereign states that they have to ask permission from a morally bankrupt United Nations, an organization that blatantly promotes the "culture-of-death" through its many organs primarily via international meetings that advocate hedonism, promoting vice as virtue, to defend themselves. |
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http://www.traditioninaction.org/HotTopics/e007htMorella1_Martino.htm
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| | The Vatican: war against Iraq is a crime against peace |
| | During a seminar in Rome about peace, Toran said "the aggressive war will constitute a crime against peace" recalling the second article of the UN charter which makes it imperative of the UN member states not to resort to war in order to settle international disputes. | | | The Vatican: war against Iraq is a crime against peace | | | Toran added "any likely action against Iraq should be made and decided within the context of the UN Security Council. |
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http://www.arabicnews.com/ansub/Daily/Day/030225/2003022518.html
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| | San Francisco Bay View |
| | This Israeli Occupation of Palestine is a crime against Peace, a crime against humanity and is very violent. | | | We were all sitting on the ground in a very peaceful manner with our hands and signs in the air. | | | However, after sitting there for about five to 10 minutes, it was a group decision to leave the area. |
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http://www.sfbayview.com/050102/crime050102.html
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| | Candlelight Peace March Against Crime |
| | This event is a partnership between the community and the police, and its purpose is to help prevent crime in neighborhoods. | | | The recent rise in crime has made everyone aware that we are all responsible for crime prevention in our neighborhoods. | | | to 7:00 p.m., the Los Angeles Police Department’s Hollywood Area Community Police Station will sponsor a Candlelight Peace March Against Crime. |
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http://www.lapdonline.org/releases/2000/10/pr00690.htm
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| | Arroyo orders hunt for Basilan ferry bombers - INQ7.net |
| | This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. | | | PRESIDENT Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo ordered the police and the military to hunt down the people behind the bombing of a ferry in Basilan, which she condemned as a “crime against peace and humanity.” | | | “I condemn the ferry bombing in Basilan as a crime against peace and humanity that will not go unpunished,” she said in a statement Monday. |
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http://news.inq7.net/top/index.php?index=1&story_id=48479
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| | Crosswalk.com - Religion Today Summaries, February 25, 2003 |
| | Vatican Says War Against Iraq Would Be a `Crime Against Peace' | | | Orthodox Jewish Leader Declares Support for Bush Against Iraq> Vatican Says War Against Iraq Would Be a `Crime Against Peace'> Nigerian Christians Arrested Following Riots> Third Day Among Gospel Grammy Winners"> |
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http://www.crosswalk.com/news/1187881.html
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| | IOL: Fraud charges laid against Cansa board |
| | The board said Cansa had undertaken a huge exercise in the past three years to align itself to better serve all South Africans and this included prevention; education and advocacy; and facilitating research, treatment and care. | | | Fraud charges have been laid against the board of directors of the Cancer Association of South Africa, but they are fighting back | | | "I want to reassure the donor community that the organisation is in good shape and that the fight against cancer in South Africa is receiving the necessary care and attention it deserves," said Moloi. |
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http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=13&art_id=vn20050923070348249C282045
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