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| | East European Constitutional Review |
 | | Expropriation may be done in favour of the state and of public or private, local or foreign juridical persons, for the realization of a project, investment or object of theirs that, in each case in accordance with this law, presents a public interest. | | | When the owner of the private property sought to be expropriated is not known, applying article 172 of the Civil Code, the competent minister is authorized by this law to apply in court for the transfer of the properties to the state ownership. | | | The bringing of lawsuits or judicial examination of a civil question connected with private property that is sought to be expropriated does not constitute a lawful reason to seek, or for the court to order, the interruption or suspension of the procedures of expropriation according to this law. |
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http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/bycountryrefs/albaniaExproOfProperty.html
(3259 words)
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| | Cox Hanson O'Reilly Matheson: Expropriation in Newfoundland |
| | The expropriator may apply to the court to determine the state of the title. | | | Where land is subject to lease of not less than one year, the expropriator will divide the compensation payable for the expropriation between the tenant and the landowner, as appropriate, and any rent payable for land not expropriated may be adjusted to reflect the expropriation. | | | Where compensation has not been paid and no order has been made by the Board, and the expropriator determines that all or part of the land expropriated is unnecessary, the land deemed unnecessary may be returned to the landowner by serving or posting a notice in the same manner as the land was originally expropriated. |
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http://www.coxhanson.ca/publications.asp?cmPageID=304
(1580 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | Expropriation impinges drastically on private rights, and the notice required by s. 40(2) E.A. is the only way the individual may ascertain the reasons for the impingement. | | | The stated grounds for expropriation in the notice to appellant did not meet the requirements of the E.A., and the notice is therefore null. | | | Expropriation Act 40. Expropriation proceedings commence by service, on the owner of the immovable or the holder of the immovable real right to be expropriated, of a notice of expropriation containing the following particulars:. . . |
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http://www.lexum.umontreal.ca/csc-scc/en/pub/1991/vol3/texte/1991scr3_0349.txt
(8660 words)
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| | A.G. (Que.) v. Expropriation Tribunal |
| | Expropriations begun before the bodies mentioned in section 147 shall be continued, from September 26 1973, before the Superior Court or, as the case may be, before the tribunal, in accordance with this act, to the extent that it is applicable to them. | | | Section 55 of the Expropriation Act requires the expropriating party to obtain the Tribunal's authorization for discontinuing an expropriation. | | | In the case of partial discontinuance, the tribunal shall fix the amount of the indemnity to which the expropriated party is entitled by taking the discontinuance into account and grant damages, if need be, for the portion of which the expropriating party has discontinued his suit. |
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http://www.lexum.umontreal.ca/csc-scc/en/pub/1986/vol1/html/1986scr1_0732.html
(5032 words)
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| | Chapter 20 - Expropriation of Tlicho Lands - Indian and Northern Affairs Canada |
| | Tlicho lands may be expropriated by an expropriating authority in accordance with legislation as modified by the provisions of this chapter. | | | An expropriating authority shall offer, as compensation for Tlicho lands, alternative lands in Wekeezhii that are of equivalent significance and value as the expropriated lands, that are available and that are adjacent to Tlicho lands. | | | Where any lands expropriated under 20.5.1 or conveyed without compensation to government for a public road under 18.1.7 are no longer needed for a public road, government shall grant back to the Tlicho Government the fee simple interest in those lands and those lands become Tlicho lands. |
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http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/pr/agr/nwts/cha20_e.html
(1140 words)
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| | BCCLA Position Paper: Submission on the Municipal Act expropriation provisions, 1982 |
| | The Act should permit any person to object to an expropriation provided he or she serves an objection in writing with a name and address, and that indicates the nature of any objections, the grounds on which the objections are based and the nature of his or her interest in the potential expropriation. | | | Because of its primary importance to the individual, the Courts have held that property may be expropriated only by the express authorization of the House of Commons or of the provincial legislative assemblies by way of statutory enactment. | | | The general expropriation statute should contain adequate provisions concerning appropriation procedure and compensation, and it should expressly provide that it will prevail in the event of a conflict between one of its provisions and a provision of any other statute, whether general or special. |
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http://www.bccla.org/positions/admin/82expropriation.html
(2707 words)
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| | Commercial Lease Clause re Expropriation |
| | On any expropriation, whether complete or partial, the Tenant shall be entitled to no portion of the compensation payable to the Landlord by the expropriating authority, and in particular shall have no claim against the Landlord because of the shortening of the term of this lease. | | | In the case of partial expropriation the Tenant shall be entitled to an adjustment of the rent corresponding to the reduction in any floor area of the Premises remaining available to the Tenant. | | | If the portion of the land expropriated is not sufficient to make the Premises which remain unsuitable for the Tenant's business, the Landlord shall restore the Premises to a condition as near as possible to that in which they were at the date of expropriation, and this lease shall continue. |
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http://www.megadox.com/docdetail.php/211
(271 words)
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| | Expropriation - definition of Expropriation in Encyclopedia |
| | The term "expropriation" is often seen as synonymous with "eminent domain" and may especially be used with regard to jurisdictions that do not pay compensation for the confiscated property. | | | In many jurisdictions the power of eminent domain is tempered with a right that just compensation be made for the appropriation. | | | In England and Wales, and other jurisdictions that follow the principles of English Law, the related term compulsory purchase is more commonly used. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Expropriation
(577 words)
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| | Your Rights Under Expropriation |
| | In this case, the expropriation process, the method for determining compensation, and the rights of both the owner and the expropriating authority, are set out in the Expropriation Act. | | | When an expropriation is abandoned, in whole or in part, compensation is payable to the owner for any damages suffered as a result of the expropriation being started and for reasonable legal, appraisal or other costs. | | | The expropriating authority and all other parties having an interest in the land will be heard by the inquiry officer who must prepare and submit a report within 30 days containing recommendations respecting the expropriation to the approving authority. |
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http://www.ecb.gov.bc.ca/rights.htm
(1604 words)
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| | BLG - Practice Areas - Expropriation - Process |
| | An owner who receives notice of an intended expropriation may apply for a hearing to determine whether his or her land is required to achieve the public purpose. | | | The expropriation authority must pay out the offer of compensation and the owner may then apply these funds to expense that may arise from the expropriation. | | | Because powers of expropriation constitute a significant infringement of individual property rights, authorities must publish and serve notice of their intention to expropriate land. |
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http://www.blgcanada.com/practice/expropriation/expro-process.asp
(608 words)
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| | RSNL1990 CHAPTER E-19 - EXPROPRIATION ACT |
| | Where land expropriated under this Act is required for a limited time only or where only a limited estate, right or interest in the land is required, the notice of expropriation shall so indicate and the compensation payable in respect of that land shall be fixed accordingly. | | | (2) A notice of expropriation may be amended and an amendment shall be served or posted and registered in accordance with this Act as if it were a notice of expropriation and shall be considered to have been served or posted at the same time as the notice of expropriation amended by it. | | | Registration of Deeds Act and the copy of the notice with the affidavit or certificate attached shall, notwithstanding a provision of that Act to the contrary, be registered in accordance with that Act without proof for registration and without payment of fees. |
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http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/statutes/e19.htm
(4251 words)
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| | EXPROPRIATION ACT |
| | (6) The expropriating authority must serve a copy of the expropriation notice on all persons who have, at the time the expropriation notice is filed under subsection (1) (d), registered a caveat or a certificate of pending litigation against the land to which the expropriation notice relates. | | | (8) If the expropriating authority is entitled to possession under this section and the owner of the land denies possession to the expropriating authority, the authority may apply to the Supreme Court for an order for possession. | | | (8) If an expropriating authority and a person referred to in subsection (3) agree on the amount of compensation or damages, but do not agree on the amount of costs to be paid, the costs must be determined by the chair. |
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http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg/stat/E/96125_01.htm
(8417 words)
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| | BLG TechLaw Group - Practice Areas - Expropriation Law |
| | Our Expropriation Law Group is the largest in the country and has handled leading cases on behalf of both expropriated owners and expropriating authorities. | | | For land owners facing expropriation or the prospect of expropriation we provide not only legal advice but assistance in all facets of the process including negotiation, identification and retainer of experts, options for challenging the decision to expropriate and conduct of the entire litigation process. | | | Very similar legislation, referred to generally as reform legislation because its intent was to make organized and coherent a jumble of conflicting case law, was also passed by the Federal Government in the early 1970's. |
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http://www.blgtechlaw.com/practice/detail.asp?PAKey=82
(382 words)
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| | Expropriation: What the law says |
| | The Ordinance states that an expropriation notice has to be served on the owner of a property that is wanted by the State. | | | The Constitution explicitly allows expropriation of property to be carried out "in the public interest" by the State or "a competent body or organ authorised by law". | | | If the amount that the court rules must be paid is equal to or more than the amount that the owner had claimed a month before the dispute was first placed on the High Court's roll, the court must order the State to pay the costs of the case, the Ordinance states. |
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http://www.namibian.com.na/2003/july/national/03E863260D.html
(579 words)
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| | The TransAtlantic Assembly: The reemergence of "proletarian expropriation" |
| | In the case of Italian examples of expropriation the perpetrators were accused of committing theft and robbery. | | | A legal representative of the accused expropriators could try to defend them for the lack of the subjective (voluntary) element necessary for the complete criminal sentence for the act of theft. | | | Proletarian expropriation is a new/old form of civil disobedience in the past practiced mainly in Europe during the 1960s and 1970s, and now reappearing in Italy. |
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http://transatlanticassembly.blogspot.com/2005/01/reemergence-of-proletarian.html
(850 words)
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| | Realty Times: Will Expropriation Be An Olympic Evil? |
| | The Victoria-based Board, established as an independent agency in 1988, uses its authority under BC's Expropriation Act to determine the amount of compensation for expropriated land and associated loss when there is a disagreement on these issues during expropriation. | | | The power to expropriate is held by many organizations and individuals, but must be granted by statute. | | | case law, a directory of expropriation professionals and other information about expropriation. |
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http://realtytimes.com/printrtpages/20040907_expropriation.htm
(687 words)
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| | Expropriation Law |
| | While the consequences of not beating the expropriating authority's offer are not as harsh as under the Nova Scotia legislation, the comments at ss.1.0 of Nova Scotia section 52 apply, to the effect that increasing the risk to the claimant, presumably to encourage settlement, marks a departure from the philosophy of the reform Acts. | | | Much of the basic framework of the legislation in New Brunswick is similar to that of the other provincial statutes, and hence, recent cases decided by the New Brunswick Court of Queen's Bench and Court of Appeal may be instructive in those other jurisdictions. | | | The Expropriations Act, R.S.O. 1990, c.E.26 - Identification and Analysis of Proposed Amendments, by J. Pitman Patterson. |
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http://www.expropriation.com/Cases/april1998.htm
(925 words)
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| | U.S. Commercial Service Lebanon: Expropriation and Compensation |
| | The Law on Expropriation (Law No. 58 dated May 29, 1991, Article One), as well as Article 15 of the Constitution, clearly specifies the purpose of expropriation and calls for fair and adequate compensation. | | | Several court cases are still pending against SOLIDERE after ten years of litigation. | | | These companies have been granted the authority to expropriate certain lands for development, although in doing so they have faced serious legal challenges from landowners and squatters. |
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http://www.buyusa.gov/lebanon/en/expropriation_and_compensation.html
(186 words)
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| | BILL 67 -- 2004: EXPROPRIATION AMENDMENT ACT, 2004 |
| | " and substituting "by the court in accordance with the Expropriation Act. | | | 395, are amended by striking out "the Expropriation Compensation Board under the Expropriation Act" and substituting "the court". | | | 26, are amended by striking out "by the Expropriation Compensation Board" and substituting "by the Supreme Court". |
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http://www.legis.gov.bc.ca/37th5th/3rd_read/gov67-3.htm
(1340 words)
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| | Inuvialuit Final Agreement - Expropriation |
| | 7.(54) On an expropriation of Inuvialuit lands, compensation shall be payable for the loss of the use of the land. | | | For greater certainty, the exercise of such rights by the Inuvialuit is subject to the laws of general application respecting public safety and conservation. | | | 7.(58) Compensation for expropriation, whether in the form of suitable alternative lands or money, shall be tax free to the Inuvialuit. |
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http://www.taiga.net/wmac/ifa/ifa_expropriation.html
(636 words)
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| | Regulation 84-16 - EXPROPRIATION ACT |
| | 2 Be advised that objection to the proposed expropriation herein may be made by any person having an interest in the matter. | | | 1 Be advised that objection to the proposed expropriation herein may be made by any person having an interest in the matter. | | | 3 In accordance with subsection 8(2) of the Act, where an expropriating authority files a notice of intention to expropriate with the Officer, the form of the statement to be attached |
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http://www.gnb.ca/0062/regs/84-16.htm
(442 words)
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| | News Briefs and Testimony on Nanoose Expropriation |
| | Expropriation of torpedo test range challenged in court. | | | Last-ditch court case tries to stop Nanoose expropriation. | | | B.C. Supreme Court to give Nanoose ruling on September 21. |
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http://www.ccnr.org/news/news_briefs_n.html
(442 words)
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| | Govt warned against 'punitive expropriation' |
| | She added that an amendment of the Agricultural (Commercial) Land Reform Act to cover such a scenario "would also be unlawful". | | | She expressed the hope that compensation will reflect the actual market value of the expropriated property. | | | Government has used public interest and just compensation as the two key guidelines when it identified close to 20 farms for expropriation. |
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http://www.namibian.com.na/2004/July/national/045707F70E.html
(524 words)
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| | The Expropriation Law Centre |
| | Many of the issues and legal principles discussed are also relevant to the United States of America, where expropriation is more commonly known as "eminent domain" or "condemnation", and in the United Kingdom, where it is known as "compulsory purchase". | | | If you have an interest in Canadian expropriation law you will find some useful sources of information here including links to expropriation legislation, access to case law, news, articles, notices of upcoming events, case reviews and comments, statistics, a directory of expropriation professionals and other information about expropriation. | | | A reference source to the law of expropriation in Canada |
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http://www.expropriationlaw.ca
(161 words)
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| | Nujoma supports land expropriation |
| | Under Namibian laws, compensation is provided for expropriated land. | | | The government has now decided to exercise its discretion to implement this measure within the framework of our constitution and other relevant laws,” Nujoma said in Walvis Bay. | | | The government accuses the white commercial farmers of making it difficult for the government to buy land by inflating prices. |
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http://www.economist.com.na/2004/26mar/03-26-15.htm
(212 words)
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| | MSN Encarta - Expropriation |
| | Expropriation, forced assumption of ownership of private property by a government, often without fair compensation. | | | Become a subscriber today and gain access to: |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761586705/Expropriation.html
(69 words)
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| | The Expropriation Law Centre >> About us |
| | The Expropriation Law Centre is operated by Dicta Legal Services Ltd. Except where otherwise acknowledged, the copyright to all material published on the Expropriation Law Centre is held by Dicta Legal Services Ltd. Requests for permission to reproduce should be directed by E-mail to publisher@expropriationlaw.ca. | | | So far as we have been able to determine there are no other websites providing the comprehensive coverage of Canadian expropriation law that you will find here. | | | The content is intended to inform and to stimulate discussion about the expropriation process and determination of compensation. |
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http://www.expropriationlaw.ca/expro013.asp
(298 words)
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| | Expropriation of Cambridge faculty IPR |
| | Although these papers focus on the issue of patent rights, the expropriation of copyrights will also undermine faculty incentives and thus impede the transfer of technology to local industry. | | | It is extremely doubtful that the copyright grab will generate a significant amount of money. | | | Vice-Chancellor will severely undermine academic freedom, adversely change the employment conditions of existing faculty by expropriating our copyrights and patents, make the recruitment of new faculty significantly harder, and kill the goose that lays the golden eggs - the large number of high-tech businesses spun off from the University, known as the Cambridge Phenomenon. |
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http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/expropriation.html
(6924 words)
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| | Investment: Expropriation - Honduras/United States |
| | The BIT does not include an independent requirement that expropriation s be subject to judicial review. | | | Expropriation or nationalization (directly or indirectly through measures tantamount to expropriation or nationalization). | | | include commercially reasonable interests from the date of expropriation until the date of payment. |
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http://www.sice.oas.org/cp_bits/english/houe_5.asp
(170 words)
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| | Expropriation Claims Sampling |
| | Caught up in Argentina's recent economic woes, a U.S. company's dollar-denominated certificates of deposit were "pesified" (converted to the Argentina currency) and then access to them was severely restricted. | | | Underwriters agreed that this amounted to expropriation by Argentine government. | | | Government cancelled a U.S. company's lumbering concession, then granted it to a third party, the nephew of the president of Ecuador. |
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http://www.aon.com/us/busi/risk_management/risk_transfer/trade_credit/political_risk/tools_and_solutions/claims_sampling.jsp
(383 words)
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| | US CODE: Title 26,1351. Treatment of recoveries of foreign expropriation losses |
| | An election under paragraph (1) shall be made at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may prescribe by regulations. | | | Bonds or other evidences of indebtedness received as a recovery of a foreign expropriation loss to which this section applies shall not be considered to have any original issue discount within the meaning of section 1273 (a). | | | For purposes of this subsection, the rates of tax specified in section 11 (b) for the taxable year of the recovery shall be treated as having been in effect for all prior taxable years. |
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http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/26/usc_sec_26_00001351----000-.html
(744 words)
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| | ALCA FTAA ZLEA - Investment: Expropriation - Haiti/United States |
| | ALCA FTAA ZLEA - Investment: Expropriation - Haiti/United States | | | Review can be made by the appropriate judicial or administrative authorities of the expropriating host Party. | | | Non-violation of any specific provision on contractual stability or expropriation contained in an investment agreement between the national or company concerned and the Party making the expropriation. |
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http://www.ftaa-alca.org/WGroups/WGIN/English/haue_5.asp
(195 words)
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| | Labour federation welcomes farm expropriation policy |
| | Peter Naholo, NUNW's acting general secretary, urged the government to include retrenched farm workers among the beneficiaries of the land resettlement policy, and to incorporate tenure rights for farm workers in the new Labour Amendment Bill. | | | He also underlined that the government was not doing away with the "willing buyer, willing seller" approach, but the new policy, contained in an amendment to the existing Agricultural (Commercial) Land Reform Act passed last year, would allow expropriation against "just payment". | | | Prime Minister Theo-Ben Gurirab announced the new expropriation policy on state television and radio on Wednesday, but assured the country that acquisition would take place in "accordance with the Namibian constitution and the relevant legislation". |
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http://www.irinnews.org/print.asp?ReportID=39741
(383 words)
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| | 9213 - 97 Street Expropriation |
| | Wild pay by wielding their extraordinary power of expropriation? | | | According to the Expropriation Act, the City is required to pay for all of Wild's legal fees as well as cover the cost of the Provincial Inquiry Hearing. | | | If it would have gone to expropriation, the settlement would have been at least $450,000 to $500,000 for the property in addition to the $100,000+ in legal fees. |
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http://www.michaelwild.com/home
(942 words)
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| |
| | Expropriation |
| | Expropriation also occurs when there are legal implications. | | | The act of removing property from an owner. | | | Typically, expropriation refers to the action of a government taking away a private business from its owners. |
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http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/expropriation.asp
(97 words)
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| | THE CONQUEST OF BREAD: CHAPTER IV -- Expropriation |
| | Once the principle of the "Divine Right of Property" is shaken, no amount of theorizing will prevent its overthrow, here by the slaves of the toil, there by the slaves of the machine. | | | be expropriated, these are the instruments of production, and it is right we should consider them public property. | | | Besides, we could not, if we would, confine ourselves to a partial expropriation. |
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http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/kropotkin/conquest/ch4.html
(3586 words)
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| | Mail & Guardian Online: |
| | An amendment to the Restitution of Land Rights Act passed last year allows Minister of Agriculture and Land Affairs Thoko Didiza to expropriate land under claim without a court order. | | | He was among five farmers in Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga and North West province who were served with a notice of intent of expropriation when negotiations deadlocked. | | | At the recent land summit held in Johannesburg, Visser told reporters that the government would force him to sell his land, even though his livelihood depended on it. |
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http://mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=251757&area=/insight/...
(353 words)
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| | 2088. Expropriation of Minority Shareholders: Evidence from East Asia |
| | These may include the quality of banking systems, the legal and judicial protection of individual shareholders, and the degree of financial disclosure required. | | | The risk of expropriation is the chief principal-agent problem for large publicly traded corporations. | | | The degree to which certain ownership structures are associated with expropriation depends on country-specific circumstances. |
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http://www.worldbank.org/html/dec/Publications/Workpapers/wps2000series/wps2088/wps2088-abstract.html
(390 words)
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| | The Militant - April 16, 2001 -- S. African government retreats on land expropriation |
| | That morning, as he had announced for at least a week in advance, Pretorius filed a court challenge to the ruling. | | | Chief land claims commissioner Wallace Mgoqi said the reversal of the expropriation was intended to create a better climate for talks on a purchase price for the farm. | | | The Transvaal Agricultural Union, which represents many white capitalist farmers in northeastern regions of the country, issued a statement saying, "A second Zimbabwe must be avoided at all costs. |
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http://www.themilitant.com/2001/6515/651566.html
(922 words)
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| | Expropriation |
| | An expropriation which resulted in a 57 day trial in Federal Court (C and B Vacation Properties v Her Majesty the Queen, T-1160-90) involved the taking of a 73 lot registered county estate subdivision with 23 pre-sales. | | | These expropriations have ranged from partial takings of residential properties to full taking of a subdivision. | | | While most expropriation files are settled, several files have resulted in Board of Negotiation hearings or hearings before the Ontario Municipal Board. |
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http://www.juteaujohnsoncomba.com/expropriation.html
(216 words)
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| | Taxation and Expropriation |
| | However, Conservative spokesmen deplored the action of the foreign state as "sheer expropriation". | | | However, it did not do so by enacting expropriating legislation; it introduced a tax of 99.5% on the value. | | | In Britain and America, we are appalled at expropriation and believe that there is no justification for a government seizing our property, whether that be the decision of the majority of society or not. |
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http://www.progress.org/lambert07.htm
(816 words)
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| | The TransAtlantic Assembly: Capitalist use of Proletarian Expropriation |
| | Would the status of the 'false' and 'real' proletarian expropriator be different in the sense of criminal law responsibility? | | | Apart from being, an example of ironic malleablity of capitalism, one could also say a confirmation of the human nature, the example of 'false' proletarian expropriation begs interesting legal questions. | | | This is to be done through organising false incidents of 'proletarian expropriation' against a company which is ready to pay from €5000 upwards. |
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http://transatlanticassembly.blogspot.com/2005/02/capitalist-use-of-proletarian_18.html
(225 words)
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| | Government yet to implement expropriation policy |
| | The government is expected to provide more details on the expropriation process in parliament on Tuesday. | | | Frans Tsheehama, the permanent secretary in the ministry, explained the process of expropriation to the media: "First a notice will be issued in the Government Gazette, then advertisements on the farms to be expropriated will be placed in the local newspapers." | | | JOHANNESBURG, 1 Mar 2004 (IRIN) - The Namibian government said on Monday that it was still to implement its land expropriation policy. |
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http://www.irinnews.org/print.asp?ReportID=39765
(254 words)
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| | EconPapers: Expropriation Risk and Return in Global Equity Markets |
| | We argue that national equity returns are subject to sample selectivity. | | | We find that the measured expropriation risk is related to reputations in capital markets (as argued in Eaton and Gersowitz, 1981) and to the magnitude of trade that an economy conducts (as argued in Bulow and Rogoff, 1989a, 1989b). | | | Further, we argue that the measured selectivity bias in equity premia provide valuable economic information regarding the incentives for sovereigns not to expropriate international investors. |
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http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/hhssifrwp/0008.htm
(352 words)
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| | Frequently Asked Questions about the Armenian Genocide |
| | It was carried out during W.W.I between the years 1915 and 1918. | | | After only a little more than a year of calm at the end of W.W.I, the atrocities were renewed between 1920 and 1923, and the remaining Armenians were subjected to further massacres and expulsions. | | | Women and children were abducted and horribly abused. |
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http://www.armenian-genocide.org/genocidefaq.html
(1653 words)
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| | SSRN-Czech Mate: Expropriation and Investor Protection in a Converging World by Mihir Desai, Alberto Moel |
| | This paper examines the expropriation of a foreign investor by a local partner and the subsequent resolution of that case through international arbitration. | | | This clinical examination of an expropriation and its aftermath illustrates how ownership shares can be of secondary importance in determining control, how corporate control is shaped by geography, and how differential access to investor protections in global capital markets can contribute to the persistence of differences, rather than convergence, in investor protections. | | | Subsequent to the expropriation, Lauder employed international agreements and tribunals to recoup 354.9 million USD from the Czech Republic. |
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http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=585843
(342 words)
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| | SSRN-Equity Prices and the Risk of Expropriation: An Analysis of the Italian Stock Market by Roberto Barontini, ... |
| | These results have important policy implications, as they indicate that disclosure rules on ownership and governance structures are the only measures that really matter for investor protection, while statutory provisions that restrict companies freedom in choosing the desired ownership structure (through pyramiding or issuing of non voting shares) are at best useless. | | | We find that a high risk of expropriation does not affect stock returns, while it has a quite strong negative impact on firm value when the ultimate owner is either the State or a family. | | | The risk of expropriation is measured using proxies for the power and the incentive to divert resources from the company by the controlling shareholder. |
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http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=443220
(355 words)
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| | Ontario Expropriation Association Home Page |
| | The OEA is a non-profit, voluntary association of professionals having an interest in the field of expropriation law and practice. | | | The association is designed to promote understanding of the expropriation process, provide input to related legislation, and advance the intellectual, professional and social interaction of its members. | | | The association also includes members of the Ontario Municipal Board, and the Judiciary. |
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http://www.oea.on.ca
(124 words)
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| | British Empire - encyclopedia article about British Empire. |
| | The Americas in particular (especially in Argentina and the United States were seen as being well under the informal British trade empire due to Britain's enforcment of the Monroe Doctrine keeping other European nations from establishing formal rule in the area. | | | The victory of forces of the British East India Company at Plassey in 1757 opened the great Indian province of Bengal to British rule, though later famine (1770) exacerbated by massive expropriation of provincial government revenues aroused controversy at home. | | | The 19th century saw Company rule extended across nearly the whole of India. |
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http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/British+Empire
(7552 words)
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| | Anschluss - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In the context of the postwar Federal Republic of Germany, one encounters a Vergangenheitsbewältigung ("struggle to come to terms with the past") that has been partially institutionalised, variably in literary, cultural, political, and educational contexts (its development and difficulties have not been trivial; see, for example, the Historikerstreit). | | | ("Historian's Commission" or "Historical Commission") in 1998 with a mandate to review Austria's role in the Nazi expropriation of Jewish property from a scholarly rather than legal perspective, partly in response to continuing criticism of its handling of property claims. | | | Its membership was based on recommendations from various quarters, including Simon Wiesenthal and Yad Vashem. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anschluss
(5513 words)
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