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Topic: Hearsay



  
 Hearsay - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hearsay is generally not admissible in common law courts because it is of suspect value, but there are many exceptions to this prohibition.
Hearsay in its most general and oldest meaning is a term used in the law of evidence to describe an out of court statement offered to establish the facts asserted in that statement.
Today the hearsay rule has developed into a complex set of evidentiary rules of admissibility that are used to prevent various types of statements and documents from being entered into evidence in various types of court proceedings, though they may be allowed in other types of hearings, such as alternative dispute resolution.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearsay_Evidence   (2374 words)

  
 Just Ask Our Lawyers!
Hearsay evidence can also be testimony in a court of a statement made out of court.
Hearsay is a statement, other than one made by the declarant, while testifying at trial or a hearing offered in evidence to prove the truth of the matter asserted.
Without personal knowledge of the matter testified to, the court will generally not allow the party to testify as to a hearsay statement.
http://www.phillipsmitchell.com/jaol-whatishearsay.html   (572 words)

  
 NM Judges Training - Hearsay
Although most of the examples are based on civil cases, the same hearsay issues apply in criminal cases.
By its very nature, hearsay is the statement of a person who is not testifying at trial under oath and not subject to cross-examination.
The purpose of the hearsay rule is to limit the danger of unreliable evidence at trial.
http://jec.unm.edu/training/hearsay/intro.htm   (209 words)

  
 Hearsay Defined & Explained
Hearsay is any statement made outside a hearing or trial which is presented at the hearing or trial to prove the truth of the contents of the statement.
Hearsay is not admitted in court because it's not trustworthy, as well as because of various constitutional principles such as the right to confront one's accusers, however, there are so many exceptions that often times hearsay is admitted more than excluded.
All evidence rules begin with the premise that hearsay cannot be used in court because secondhand testimony is considered unreliable and because the person who made the original statement is often unavailable for cross-examination.
http://www.lectlaw.com/def/h007.htm   (507 words)

  
 Hearsay
Hearsay evidence can be a verbal restatement of what someone else stated out of court (e.g.
Not all out of court statements are hearsay, because you don't always use a statement to "prove the truth of the matter stated." For example, if you offer the statement "John told me that the earth was flat," to prove that the earth is in fact flat, the statement is hearsay.
The hearsay rule.” (a) "Hearsay evidence" is evidence of a statement that was made other than by a witness while testifying at the hearing and that is offered to prove the truth of the matter stated."
http://www.lightnergroup.com/html/hearsay.html   (717 words)

  
 Hearsay
Hearsay evidence has been given many definitions as it has been interpreted and reinterpreted by the courts.
The statement must be “first-hand hearsay”, i.e., a statement made by a person who directly perceived the facts of which the evidence is being given.
Similarly, where the statement was prepared for the purpose of a criminal investigation, or for criminal proceedings (e.g., a S.9 witness statement taken by us during an accident investigation etc.) the statement is only admissible if the court decides that it is in the interests of justice to admit it (s.26).
http://www.forensicmed.co.uk/hearsay.htm   (1578 words)

  
 Federal Rules of Evidence - Article VIII - Hearsay
Hearsay is not admissible except as provided by these rules or by other rules prescribed by the Supreme Court pursuant to statutory authority or by Act of Congress.
If the party against whom a hearsay statement has been admitted calls the declarant as a witness, the party is entitled to examine the declarant on the statement as if under cross-examination.
A declarant is not unavailable as a witness if exemption, refusal, claim of lack of memory, inability, or absence is due to the procurement or wrongdoing of the proponent of a statement for the purpose of preventing the witness from attending or testifying.
http://expertpages.com/federal/a8.htm   (1396 words)

  
 IPT Journal - "Interviewing Methods and Hearsay Testimony in Suspected Child Sexual Abuse Cases: Questions of ...
Section 2801.3 defines the manner in which the court is to determine whether a hearsay statement of a child under the age of twelve (12) in either a criminal juvenile proceeding or in a sexual abuse case can be admitted.
That section provides that the hearsay statement can be presented if the court finds, in an out-of-court hearing, that the statement provides sufficient indicia of reliability and that the child either testifies or is available to testify at the proceedings, or is unavailable as defined by the Oklahoma Evidence Code (Section 2804).
Although rules of evidence prefer in-court testimony, many types of "hearsay" — out of court statements — are admissible.
http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume9/j9_1_4.htm   (5944 words)

  
 FRE - Notes to Article VIII (LII 2004 ed.)
This is the tenor of Uniform Rule 63(1), admitting the hearsay declaration of a person "who is present at the hearing and available for cross-examination." Compare the treatment of declarations of available declarants in Rule 801(d)(1) of the instant rules.
The Advisory Committee has rejected this approach to hearsay as involving too great a measure of judicial discretion, minimizing the predictability of rulings, enhancing the difficulties of preparation for trial, adding a further element to the already over-complicated congeries of pretrial procedures, and requiring substantially different rules for civil and criminal cases.
Procedural safeguards would consist of notice of intention to use hearsay, free comment by the judge on the weight of the evidence, and a greater measure of authority in both trial and appellate judges to deal with evidence on the basis of weight.
http://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/fre/ACPre801.htm   (2100 words)

  
 Hearsay Evidence
The fact that hearsay evidence was given to an officer in the course of an official investigation does not make it admissible.
In general, hearsay may not be admitted in evidence, but there are exceptions.
For instance, if the accused is charged with uttering certain words, a witness is permitted to testify that he or she heard the accused speak them.
http://www.tpub.com/maa/38.htm   (1426 words)

  
 Hearsay evidence
This is evidence of a statement made out of court and it is "hearsay".
A statement made out of court cannot be introduced in court to prove the content of the statement.
You are here:Home > Justice > Evidence > Hearsay evidence
http://www.oasis.gov.ie/justice/evidence/hearsay_evidence.html   (340 words)

  
 Law 16 Evidence Exceptions to Hearsay Worksheet
It is often desirable for the paralegal to record important hearsay statements and to prepare pretrial motions, so the attorney is ready to argue for or against the admissibility of the statement at issue.
The trial courts are anything but uniform in their application of the hearsay rules.
The case law in the textbook will familiarize and equip the students with a sense of the divergence among the courts.
http://hyper.vcsun.org/HyperNews/djordan/get/law16sp20exceptions.html   (1575 words)

  
 OVERVIEW OF HEARSAY:
If the lawyer actually understood hearsay, of course, he or she would not make a hearsay objection because the lawyer would know that the evidence was in fact admissible through some loophole under rule #1.
Even though it is hearsay and fits no exception, the judge should admit it anyway, "in the interests of justice" under Rule 807.
For example, the testimony by a witness that she heard Bill shout does not describe the content of his shout and is therefore not hearsay.
http://www.law.indiana.edu/instruction/tanford/b723/hearsay.html   (1041 words)

  
 The Orange Bulletin - News - 01/07/2004 - OBJECTION: Hearsay! - Looking at the Law
The reason for the hearsay rule is that the person who made the statement outside the courtroom is not subject to cross-examination regarding whether or not the statement is true.
The other requirement that must be satisfied before a dying declaration is admissible is that the person who makes the statement must be the victim of the homicide that serves as the prosecutorial basis, and, that at the time the person made the statement or affirmed it, the declarant was "conscious of his impending death".
Some of the hearsay objections require that the declarant be unavailable, some require that the declarant be available and some have no requirement of either availability or unavailability.
http://www.zwire.com/site/news.cfm?BRD=1661&dept_id=9539&newsid=10765004&PAG=461&rfi=9   (1109 words)

  
 Hearsay Rule and Exceptions
There are times when hearsay evidence is perhaps the right thing to do -- as in cases where a young child has been molested -- and, there are times when hearsay evidence is the only thing to do -- as in cases where the original witness has died or is unavailable.
The disgrace of this trial and its wrongful conviction led English jurists to develop a hard and fast rule against hearsay evidence, with hearsay defined as the words of a stranger to parties; that is, the words of someone to which neither the State nor the defendant are privy.
The hearsay rule, its exceptions, and hearsay evidence are some of the most defining features of Anglo-American criminal justice.
http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/405/405lect11.htm   (4741 words)

  
 Hearsay Answers 1
It is not hearsay either because it is an operative legal fact or because it is relevant to prove the effect upon the hearer of the statement, defendant.
Although the statement is hearsay, it would be admissible within the state of mind exception to the hearsay rule.
United States, 412 A.2d 21 (D.C. 1980)(declarant-victim's statements of fear of defendant were hearsay and, though within the state of mind exception, were not relevant to an issue in the case and, therefore, were inadmissible).
http://lawschool.westlaw.com/garland/HearsayAnswers1.htm   (3973 words)

  
 Hearsay Evidence in Domestic Violence Cases
In Crawford, the United States Supreme Court also identified types of evidence that are ordinarily admissible under exceptions to the hearsay rule that are not testimonial, and therefore are admissible against defendants in criminal cases, regardless of whether the defendant had an opportunity for prior cross-examination.
This right may be compromised when a hearsay statement is admitted into evidence without the declarant being available for cross-examination.
Lopez, 2000-NMSC-003, 128 N.M. The hearsay exceptions cited in the chart are all considered to be “firmly rooted,” meaning that a nontestimonial prior statement may be admitted under one of these exceptions without a constitutional violation.
http://jec.unm.edu/resources/benchbooks/dv/hearsay_chart   (842 words)

  
 [No title]
If a hearsay statement is permitted to be introduced at trial by the government, then Rule 806 of the Federal Rules of Evidence gives undersigned counsel the right to attack the credibility of the declarant of any such hearsay statement.
The form of this anticipated hearsay includes, but is not limited to, statements of unindicted co-conspirators purportedly made against penal interest, and prior sworn statements or testimony of witnesses who are no longer available.
This disclosure should include the content of the hearsay statement, the identity and location of the declarant, and the purported grounds or basis for admissibility of such evidence.
http://www.dcfpd.org/motions/alaska/discover/hearsay.htm   (492 words)

  
 HEARSAY
Hearsay evidence is admissible if it is substantiated, which didn’t require much in this case.
The Court of Appeals held that it was reversible error for the ALJ to receive evidence of the victim's hearsay statements without finding, in the words of Morrissey v.
The court cautioned that its ruling does not permit a hearing officer to rely upon "unsubstantiated or unreliable hearsay as substantive evidence at revocation hearings" – to do so "would certainly eviscerate the safeguards guaranteed probationers by Morrisey and Gagnon." 726 F.2d at 1235.
http://dha.state.wi.us/home/Digest01/h-i.htm   (1226 words)

  
 Murder case may alter hearsay rules
In a case that could have far reaching implications for the use of hearsay evidence in criminal proceedings, the U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to review a capital murder case in which a witness's tape-recorded statements were used to convict his brother.
The court also noted that the hearsay testimony appeared to be reliable in light of other evidence, including Mark's state of mind when he provided the statements and additional corroborating testimony from Barker.
The defense objected, arguing that these statements constituted hearsay evidence and did not fall under the hearsay exception because they were self-serving and shifted responsibility of the crime from the declarant (Mark) to the defendant (Lilly).
http://www.apa.org/monitor/may99/jn.html   (826 words)

  
 Robert D. Bartels:  Evidence Handout 7: The Hearsay Rule and the Definition of Hearsay (Part 2)
In terms of the four "hearsay dangers," is the federal rule or the common law rule the better one?
http://homepages.law.asu.edu/~rbartel/Evidence/handout7.htm   (2911 words)

  
 Hearsay as an excuse for ignoring history
The Court held that the Sixth Amendment right to confront one's accusers bars the use of "testimonial" hearsay unless the declarant (the person who made the statement originally) is unavailable and the defendant had an opportunity to cross-examine the declarant at the time of the statement.
In fact, some things considered hearsay in the lay sense ARE admissible in court, and there are some exceptions to the rules that exclude legal hearsay.
The Court overruled prior cases that upheld the use of hearsay when there were other reasons to find it reliable.
http://www.tektonics.org/gk/hearsay.html   (1307 words)

  
 Prof. Pedro A. Malavet: Evidence Notes: Ch. 3. Hearsay Part 3b
In calling this hearsay, the court is in effect calling this the opposite of a verbal act, which I would describe as "performative conduct" intended to assert the implication (yes I realize this IS strange, but this is the way to fit it into the rule).
As such is it not excluded under the hearsay rule but is admissible as a verbal act.
There the court thought the statement was hearsay.
http://nersp.nerdc.ufl.edu/~malavet/evidence/notes/evnotes03b.htm   (7383 words)

  
 Traficant On Trial The Business Journal Online
At a separate hearing Feb. 15, conducted by Judge Wells after the jury was dismissed for the day, Bobby offered her hearsay testimony in order for the court to determine if the information met admissibility requirements.
Judge Wells issued her ruling in favor of admitting the testimony today, although Bobby's testimony about DiBlasio's statements is conditional pending his formal refusal to testify.
The judge's ruling states the government had to demonstrate at the Feb. 15 hearing that the Bobby's hearsay testimony would meet the standards of federal rules of evidence and'the 'particularized guarantees of trustworthiness' required by the Confrontation Clause of the United States Constitution."
http://www.business-journal.com/TraficantTrial/HearsayOK2-19.html   (745 words)

  
 The Believability of Hearsay Testimony in a Child Sexual Assault Trial
Hearsay by "Necessity" - the declarant is not available for testimony in court
"Presumptively Reliable" - characteristics of the hearsay indicate that it is most likely trustworthy and thus the "declarant" need not be present in court.
Jurors would be more willing to believe that a younger child would (a) disclose the incident to an adult and (b) would be less willing or able to testify in court than an older child
http://www.uark.edu/misc/lampinen/read/golding97.html   (832 words)

  
 HS Definition II
Most courts would classify this as (A) Hearsay; (B) Not Hearsay.
On the issue of Hamlet's sanity, Gertrude, his mother, testifies that Hamlet came to her bedroom and carried on a conversation with a blank wall, a chair, and an open window.
The issue is, "Is it hearsay?" not "Is it admissible?" or "Does it fall within an exception?"
http://www.scu.edu/law/FacWebPage/Scott/html/hs_def_ii.html   (576 words)

  
 1 California Evidence (4th), Hearsay
                        (g) [§17] Hearsay Introduced by Cross-Examination or Redirect.
http://www.witkin.com/pages/witkin_library_pages/outlines/EVID/Hearsay.htm   (623 words)

  
 The Eggcorn Database » hearsay
In the end, he was called before the Council of Constance under a promise of safekeeping but was nonetheless tried for hearsay and burned alive.
A (valid) e-mail address is required, but it will never be displayed or communicated to anyone without your consent.
Notice in the last example under “hearsay” there is another possible eggcorn, as the writer refers to the “Missouri Senate Lutheran”, when what is meant is almost certainly the Missouri SYNOD of the Lutheran church.
http://eggcorns.lascribe.net/english/511/hearsay   (313 words)

  
 HearSay: Enabling Audio Browsing on Hypertext Content
Keyword enabled browsing would permit a user to avoid traversing the whole page if she or he is searching for a particular type of information.
It supports interactive exploratory browsing, presenting information about an HTML document's logical structure and content and permitting users to select which parts of the document to listen to and when to navigate to a new page.
The software architecture of HearSay is depicted in Figure 6.
http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/faculty/gzyang/papers/www2004   (7224 words)

  
 Enforcement Guide (England & Wales) - Hearsay
It will also be helpful to you when you are collecting evidence to prove an offence, as it will enable you to make a better assessment of whether the evidence that is available will be admitted in court.
It also outlines the exceptions to the rule when hearsay evidence will be admitted.
This section outlines what is meant by "hearsay" evidence, the application of the "rule against hearsay evidence" and the reasons why hearsay evidence is generally inadmissible.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/enforce/enforcementguide/court/hearsay/intro.htm   (166 words)

  
 Duhaime's Canadian Law Dictionary : G-H
For example, if Bob heard from Susan about an accident that Susan witnessed but that Bob had not, and Bob attempted to repeat Susan's story in court, it could be objected to as "hearsay." The basic rule, when testifying in court, is that you can only provide information of which you have direct knowledge.
A will written entirely in the testator's handwriting and not witnessed.
Any evidence that is offered by a witness of which they do not have direct knowledge but, rather, their testimony is based on what others have said to them.
http://www.duhaime.org/dictionary/dict-gh.aspx   (1106 words)

  
 hearsay on Encyclopedia.com
Hearsay: The Lawyer's Column; Keeping Up With the Gundersons
The hearsay rule and delayed complaints of child sexual abuse: the law and the evidence.
Frustrated and Angry Thomas Wilner was one of the first lawyers to challenge Guantanamo detentions.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/X/X-hearsay.asp   (438 words)

  
 Core Criminal Law Subjects: Evidence: Hearsay
Wellington, No. 02-0955, 58 MJ 420 (a military judge’s decision to admit residual hearsay is entitled to considerable discretion on appellate review).
Donaldson, No. 02-0931, 58 MJ 477 (M.R.E. 803(4) is not limited to statements made to licensed physicians; statements made to psychologists, social workers, and other health care professionals may well fall within the purview of the medical-treatment exception to the hearsay rule).
Feltham, No. 02-0879, 58 MJ 470 (the lapse of any particular period of time is not the focus of the excited utterance rule; the critical determination is whether the declarant was under the stress or excitement caused by the startling event).
http://www.armfor.uscourts.gov/digest/2003dig/IIIC8.htm   (285 words)

  
 Hearsay.com
Each faces a maximum sentences of 10 years in prison on the fraud charge, and five years on breach of trust.
The new sales option is only available to publishers who are members of the Google Books Partner Program.
The changes would also make denial-of-service attacks illegal, closing a current loophole.
http://www.hearsay.com   (4474 words)

  
 Fact-esque: Home of the Pennacchio Online Petition Drive : How Do You Ask a Person to be the Last One to Die for Pack ...
I just watch a lot of Law and Order.
Looks like the memo may not be old news after all.
I went with other reasons than his, (I did pick this one though: (E) a statement by a coconspirator of a party during the course and in furtherance of the conspiracy.) but he's the law-talkin' guy.
http://casadelogo.typepad.com/factesque/2005/05/how_many_how_do.html   (1946 words)

  
 eBay - hearsay all products at low prices
Use of this Web site constitutes acceptance of the eBay User Agreement and Privacy Policy.
Note: Item availability and pricing may be out of date.
Gabrielle, Hearsay, Ronan Keating, S Club 7, Samantha Mumba, Stereo MCs, U2 0 items available
http://product-search.ebay.com/hearsay_All-Products_W0QQpopidZ3961108535QQpopnmZAllQ20ProductsQQpoqryZhearsayQQpovcsZ1172Q2d1277Q2d1348Q2d1358   (75 words)

  
 Here's A Solution for Transparent Hearsay Civilities
Though the act of checking involves repeating what could be hearsay to other people.
I conclude that it is are more interesting and useful to rate, using the collective hearsay network, the documents that a given journalist has published.
Nonetheless, this group's needs should be considered for the Hearsay Network.
http://civilities.net/HearsayNetwork   (1604 words)

  
 Amazon.com: Hearsay: Music: Alexander O'Neal
Just like any other party, all of the Intros happen at the beginning, as does all of the energy in the party.
The start of "Hearsay" has party sounds and voices, much to the likings of Marvin Gaye's tunes.
Though he was a star in his own right a few years before this album, it features his breakthrough Top Ten hit, "Fake" which is just as scathing as it was back in the day.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/B000083EIU?v=glance   (1813 words)

  
 BBC NEWS Entertainment Music Hear'Say split up
Popstars group Hear'Say have split up less than two years after first entering the limelight, citing pressure and public abuse.
They were formed after winning the ITV talent reality show and released their first single in March last year.
They were also hit in February this year, when member Kym Marsh left Hear'Say and were criticised when, after an open audition, they chose a dancer they already knew.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/2289447.stm   (689 words)

  
 hearsay
Right now it is in very rudimentary form because currently I am focusing only on the content, and when the trip is over I will work on form.
So I won't have much time to write as much 'hearsay' as i would like, and then of course when I go to Europe on July 2nd, there will be no hearsay for an entire month.
Therefore, I have not been able to update my page.
http://students.washington.edu/erikmax/hearsay(may-jun()01).htm   (7660 words)

  
 CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Martin Luther
Parenthetical mention must be made of the fact that the denunciation heaped on Luther's novice-master by Mathesius, Ratzeberger, and Jurgens, and copied with uncritical docility by their transcribers -- for subjecting him to the most abject menial duties and treating him with outrageous indignity -- rests on no evidence.
The nameless novice-master, whom even Luther designates as "an excellent man, and without doubt even under the damned cowl, a true Christian," must "have been a worthy representative of his order" (Oerger, op.cit.).
These writers are "evidently led by hearsay, and follow the legendary stories that have been spun about the person of the reformer" (Oerger, op.cit., 80).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09438b.htm   (16884 words)

  
 Guardian Unlimited Politics Special Reports 45-minute claim on Iraq was hearsay
The government has never admitted the key information was based on hearsay.
The document says the 45 minute claim "came from a reliable and established source, quoting a well-placed senior officer" - described by intelligence sources as a senior Iraqi officer still in Iraq.
The revelation that the controversial claim is even weaker than ministers and officials have been saying will embarrass No 10, already reeling after the first week of the Hutton inquiry into the death of weapons expert David Kelly.
http://politics.guardian.co.uk/iraq/story/0,12956,1020033,00.html   (643 words)

  
 FWWeekly: Music: Wednesday, March 15, 2006
I admit: I’m usually complicit in the escape.
Every once in a blue moon, someone tears HearSay away from the local music scene to see a show by a national act.
http://www.fwweekly.com/content.asp?section=Music&type=Hearsay   (577 words)

  
 Brett Sroka Hearsay
Hearsay is an ensemble effort, a sextet—trombone/trumpet/tenor sax front line, piano/bass/drums rhythm—though it may on an initial listen seem denser than that; an octet or more.
Brett Sroka's trombone moans in alone; the trumpet follows, then the tenor sax.
This is trombonist Brett Sroka's debut, and it bears out liner notes author Gary Sisco's assertion that jazz in the last decade has been experiencing an extroaridnarily fertile and creative period.
http://www.allaboutjazz.com/reviews/r0203_074.htm   (360 words)

  
 Hear/Say: America's College Music Magazine - Reviews - Albums - Jondi and Spesh: We Are Connected
Click here to send us a review of this or any release
Hear/Say: America's College Music Magazine - Reviews - Albums - Jondi and Spesh: We Are Connected
http://www.hearsay.cc/reviews/albums/04-05-01-01/WAConnected.html   (236 words)

  
 hearsay
For right now, it will be just me messaging you.
If you have any suggestions e-mail me Anyway, check back later for some new 'hearsay'!
http://students.washington.edu/erikmax/hearsay(nov-dec()00).htm   (1564 words)

  
 Citations: The Hearsay-II speech-understanding system: Integrating knowledge to resolve uncertainty - Erman, ...
A blackboard model consists of three major components: the knowledge sources, the blackboard, and the control unit.
Hearsay III (see London et al.) is an extension of some of this work, and is less familiar to us, but is discussed somewhat in APPENDIX 4.
The Hearsay II speech understanding system: integrating knowledge to resolve uncertainty.
http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/context/75792/0   (2169 words)

  
 Jacket 21 - Sam Sampson - poem - Hearsay
Select other issues of the magazine from the
I saw them with these very eyes, as well as I see you
The poem ‘Hearsay’, will appear in the forthcoming Landfall 205.
http://jacketmagazine.com/21/sampson.html   (160 words)

  
 Macworld UK - Quark denies UK exit, commits to Mac
Our customers should be able to choose the operating systems and tools that are best for their business.
Turpin dismissed the former employee’s comments on Quark CEO’s “dislike” of the Mac platform as “hearsay”: “Mr Ebrahimi believes in protecting our customers' workflows, providing them with platform options so they can use the tools they believe will best help them be efficient, and helping them remain profitable.
http://www.macworld.co.uk/news/main_news.cfm?NewsID=5438   (441 words)

  
 HearSay
It was supposed to be the end of the road for the Virginia General Assembly, but as lawmakers remain in a gridlock over what to do about transportation, an extended session looms.
Home / Public Radio / 89.5 WHRV FM / Local Programming / HearSay
We have the latest gardening tips from our resident gardening experts York County Extension Agent Jim Orband and Daily Press Gardening and Home Columnist Kathy Van Mullekom.
http://www.whro.com/home/publicradio/whrv/localprogramming/hearsay   (172 words)

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