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| | Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, The Hague, 14 May 1954. |
 | | The Protecting Powers shall lend their good offices in all cases where they may deem it useful in the interests of cultural property, particularly if there is disagreement between the Parties to the conflict as to the application or interpretation of the provisions of the present Convention or the Regulations for its execution. | | | In the event of an armed conflict not of an international character occurring within the territory of one of the High Contracting Parties, each party to the conflict shall be bound to apply, as a minimum, the provisions of the present Convention which relate to respect for cultural property. | | | During an armed conflict, cultural property under special protection shall be marked with the distinctive emblem described in Article 16, and shall be open to international control as provided for in the Regulations for the execution of the Convention. |
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http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/1954b.htm
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| | SAVING OUR CULTURE, SAVING OURSELVES: WHY WE SHOULD RATIFY THE HAGUE CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY IN THE EVENT OF ARMED CONFLICT |
| | Cultural property is a much more slippery issue, and in legislating for its protection we cannot rely on the standards of "gentlemanly conduct" which established the laws of a different age. | | | The United States, by ratifying the Hague Convention, would be able to re-energize the dialogue about objects of cultural property in the United States, but it would also send a signal, especially in the wake of the events in Afghanistan, that the protection of cultural property is of universal importance. | | | Although the Hague Convention does not establish a set of penalties for those who have violated the Convention, it asks that each ratifying nation undertake to prosecute, within its own criminal system, those whose acts vandalize and destroy protected cultural property. |
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http://www.law.harvard.edu/faculty/martin/art_law/carson_hague.htm
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| | WIDER ADHERENCE TO EXTRA PROTOCOLS TO GENEVA CONVENTION ON VICTIMS OF ARMED CONFLICT IS SOUGHT BY LEGAL COMMITTEE |
| | The 33-articles Convention applies to the immunity of a State and its property from the jurisdiction of the courts of another State. | | | By the provisions of the second text, United Nations Convention on jurisdictional immunities of States and their property (document A/C.6/59/L.16), the Assembly would adopt the Convention, which is annexed to the draft resolution, and request the Secretary-General as depositary to open it for signature. | | | By the text, the Assembly would agree with the general understanding (annexed to the Convention) reached in the Ad Hoc Committee on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property, regarding certain provisions of the Convention. |
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http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2004/gal3267.doc.htm
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| | The 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and the notion of military necessity |
| | The 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and the notion of military necessity | | | Following the submission of the Preliminary Draft for consideration to the States party to the 1954 Convention, States not party to that Convention and the international organizations concerned, the Secretariat received a number of substantial comments on the definition of “military necessity” applicable both to generally and to specially protected cultural property. | | | Draft provisions for the revision of the 1954 Hague Convention and commentary from the UNESCO Secretariat, |
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http://www.icrc.org/Web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/iwpList260/FF7F81319B1F96DAC1256B66005D8A96
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| | Safeguarding of Cultural Property During Occupation |
| | 56 of the Convention had as a consequence that, after an armed conflict, cultural property was not at disposition as part of the common property of a State. | | | Despite the manifold activities and achievements of UNESCO - particularly by the means of the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict of 1954[1] - the Hague Regulations of 1907 have retained their practical legal importance and even come to be of increasingly topical interest. | | | The prohibition of seizure of cultural property is provided for explicitly and thus forms part of customary international law. |
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http://www.jura.uni-sb.de/FB/LS/Fiedler/Fiedler/Aufsaetze/safegu.html
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| | ihl_gomez.doc |
| | The Hague Convention of 1954 on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and its two Protocols of 1954 and 1999 represent significant progress in this respect. | | | A constitutional state must provide for the protection of cultural property, as the inheritance of its past and its legacy to future generations. | | | The concern to preserve intangible cultural heritage, including the cultural wealth of traditions and folklore, is a significant contribution to protecting cultural property, since it is an intrinsic part of the idiosyncrasies of the American peoples. |
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http://www.oas.org/JURIDICO/english/ihl_gomez.doc
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| | Art Law 2004 |
| | The primary convention protecting art, monuments, cultural institutions, and cultural property in general from destruction by war or removal by looting is the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (Hague 1954). | | | In the court's view, the Settlement Convention was the procedural consequence of the notion that the legal relations resulting from the liquidation of German property abroad by foreign powers for the purpose of reparation were final and unchallengeable for the Federal Republic of Germany and the private persons concerned. | | | The first Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention provides for the return of cultural property illicitly removed from occupied territory; it was adopted at the same time as the Convention and 79 States are parties thereto. |
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http://www.law.harvard.edu/faculty/martin/art_law/war.htm
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| | The 1954 Hague Convention |
| | The centerpiece of this law is the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, signed at The Hague in 1954. | | | The 1907 Hague Convention IV, The Hague Convention IX on naval bombardment, the Roerich Pact (which is unique to the Americas, and has now been supplanted by the 1954 Hague Cultural Property Convention). | | | The law of war also establishes a responsibility on the part of the person controlling that property to make sure that it is not used for military purposes. |
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http://www.kakarigi.net/manu/ceip4.htm
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| | Hague Convention |
| | Hague Convention V-- The Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons in Case of War on Land | | | Hague Convention II -- The Limitation of Employment of Force for Recovery of Contract Debts | | | Hague Convention IV -- The Laws and Customs of War on Land |
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http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/hague.html
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| | Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict: UNESCO Culture Sector |
| | Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict: UNESCO Culture Sector | | | Intergovernmental Conference on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict The Hague | | | Commemorative Symposium to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. |
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http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=2407&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=-277.html
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| | Hague Convention - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (signed May 14, 1954; entered into force August 7, 1956), requiring its signatories to avoid damaging culturally significant sites during wartime. | | | One of the better known of these is Convention #12, the Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement for Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents. | | | The various conventions deal with the recognition of marriages performed in another country, international child abduction, international adoption, recognition of other countries' official documents, and the rationalization of some financial laws, among numerous other issues. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hague_Convention
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| | International Law In Brief: April 5-10, 1999 |
| | UNESCO: Second Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict | | | Like aboriginal rights, treaty rights should not be interpreted as equivalent to common law property rights. | | | Waiver of provisions limiting the use of cultural property on grounds of imperative military necessity use may only be invoked "when and for so long as no choice is possible between such use of the cultural property and another feasible method for obtaining a similar military advantage...." art. |
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http://www.asil.org/ilib/ilib0209.htm
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| | Iraq Cultural Heritage Protection Act |
| | (1) cultural property is defined by the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict as `movable or immovable property of great importance to the cultural heritage of every people, such as monuments of architecture, art or history. | | | (d) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS- The Convention on Cultural Property Implementation Act is amended-- | | | (a) SEIZURE- Archaeological material of Iraq or cultural material of Iraq that is imported into the United States in violation of this Act shall be seized and subject to forfeiture under the customs laws of the United States. |
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http://www.theorator.com/bills108/hr3497.html
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| | ICA - news |
| | Meanwhile, the ICBS calls upon all governments which have not yet become party to The Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and its two Protocols to do so. | | | The ICBS wishes to stress that international humanitarian law prohibits the use of cultural property for military purposes or to shield military objectives. | | | In the case of looting of cultural property, detailed plans by trained experts should be prepared for the repatriation or restitution of the property concerned, with the involvement of Iraqi scholars and heritage professionals. |
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http://www.ica.org/news.php?pnewsid=54&plangue=eng
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| | General Resources on Genocide and Mass Killings |
| | These include mass killings that have taken place during the conflicts in Bangladesh, Bosnia, Kosovo, and Manchuria, as well as the Holocaust and the killings of Soviet prisoners of war subsequent to the invasion of the USSR by the Third Reich. | | | Included here are the genocide convention, the Nuremberg Rules, and Control Council Law No.10 for the Punishment of Persons Guilty of War Crimes, Crimes Against Peace and Against Humanity. | | | Generally, this is a well organised presentation which should be found very useful by anyone with an interest in an overview of the subject of genocide or in specific case studies of mass man-made killings. |
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http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/genocide/general.htm
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| | The Hague Convention on the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict |
| | The International Committee of the Blue Shield (ICBS) welcomes the entry into force, on 9 March 2004, of the 1999 Second Protocol to the to the 1954 Hague Convention on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. | | | It introduces new measures, including the designation of a new category of cultural property under Enhanced Protection. | | | The list of States Parties to the First Protocol - (The Hague, 14 May 1954) |
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http://www.ifla.org/VI/4/admin/hague-convention.htm
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| | Australian Association of Consulting Archaeologists Inc. |
| | The 1999 Second Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict | | | The main amendment is the introduction of 'blanket 75 year protection' similar to the Commonwealth and other States' legislation. | | | Hard copies can be obtained from EPA offices. |
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http://www.aacai.com.au/newsletter/100.html
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| | Giorgio Filibeck |
| | Rather, one should question oneself on the causes of the conflict and on the conditions in which the criminal acts were perpetrated: to e1iminate them once and for all they must be uprooted, and it is therefore necessary to know how to follow the path of truth and reconciliation. | | | In particular, in conflicts in which, devastating splits between ethnic or national communities have occurred, the outrage of dignity and the upheaval of peace cannot be restored by: the dynamics of law alone. | | | It is an argument based on a superficial interpretation of contemporary conflicts because, with a more detailed analysis, one realizes how the roots of these conflicts are sunk in a power struggle which eventually exploits religious identity and aims to reinforce the capacity to fight. |
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http://www.ewtn.com/library/curia/pcjpgen.htm
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| | United Kingdom and Ireland BLUE SHIELD Organisation |
| | UNESCO, Second protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict, The Hague: UNESCO, 1999 | | | UNESCO, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Paris; UNESCO, 1970 http://exchanges.state.gov/culprop/unesco01.html | | | UNIDROIT, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, Rome: UNIDROIT, 1995 http://www.unidroit.org/english/conventions/c-cult.htm |
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http://www.bl.uk/services/npo/blueshield/resources.html
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| | AIA News - AIA Urges Protection of Iraq's Archaeological Heritage |
| | In the aftermath of the 1991 Gulf War, the Archaeological Institute of America passed a Resolution Regarding War and the Destruction of Antiquities (PDF), which urges all governments to honor the terms of the 1954 Hague Convention on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. | | | Academically-degreed staff who are now working in neighboring countries must be brought back; guards for archaeological sites and overseers who are responsible for antiquities in larger administrative areas must be rehired or replaced. | | | It also means maintaining and enforcing the strong legal framework within Iraq that today serves to protect its archaeological heritage through, among other provisions, state ownership of sites and archaeological objects. |
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http://www.archaeological.org/webinfo.php?page=10174
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| | Let's Not Be Too Hasty |
| | After 45 years of review, the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict has been sent to the Senate for ratification (the U.S. has abided by the convention in the meantime). | | | More than 80 countries are party to the 1954 convention, which provides for safeguarding cultural property during time of war or military occupation. | | | Since that time, it has been subject to detailed inter-agency reviews." The letter offered no explanation of why the reviews took so long. |
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http://www.archaeology.org/9905/newsbriefs/hasty.html
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| | Institute of Art & Law |
| | An Analysis of the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict | | | The book also analyses other instruments of international humanitarian law relevant to the protection of cultural property, in particular the 1949 Geneva Conventions and the 1977 Additional Protocols, which had a profound influence on the drafting of the 1954 Convention and the Second Protocol respectively. | | | It will be of particular use to members of the armed forces who need to be fully conversant with the rules of international humanitarian law in relation to cultural property. |
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http://www.ial.uk.com/hague.php
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| | news - UK: WHAT PROPERTY SHOULD WE BE SEEKING TO PROTECT IN THE EVENT OF ARMED CONFLICT |
| | The UK will, under the terms of the Convention and its Protocols, have to take measures in order to ensure the protection of cultural property during armed conflicts in which it is involved, either at home or abroad. | | | The key issues being addressed include what property we should be seeking to protect in the event of armed conflict. | | | The Minister for Culture, David Lammy, launched a consultation today on the best way for the UK to implement the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the event of Armed Conflict and its two Protocols. |
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http://www.noticias.info/asp/aspComunicados.asp?nid=95811&src=0
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| | DArV - Infos zu Tagungen |
| | The recent war in Iraq has shown very bluntly that international conventions for the protection of cultural property (as the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict) have a very limited effect and are not strictly observed in the course of war. | | | B) The use of digitalisation and the employment of databases for the documentation and protection of artefacts: the archival and image-based documentation of excavations and collections of museums, e.g. | | | A) The use of computer supported systems for the documentation and protection of archaeological sites, e.g. |
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http://www.darv.de/tag_wien.html
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| | Resolution on the protection of the cultural heritage of Afghanistan |
| | Resolution on the protection of the cultural heritage of Afghanistan adopted by the General Assembly of States Parties to the World Heritage Convention at its Thirteenth session (Paris, 30-31 October 2001) | | | Invites the Director-General of UNESCO to inform the Secretary-General of the United Nations when the common heritage of humanity is threatened with wilful destruction so that he/she may propose necessary actions to protect this heritage. | | | Appreciating the attempts made by the Director-General of UNESCO, UNESCO Member States and various organizations and individuals to convince the Taliban forces to protect the cultural heritage of Afghanistan; |
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http://whc.unesco.org/archive/13ga01-res.htm
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| | Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict - 1954: UNESCO Culture Sector |
| | Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict - 1954: UNESCO Culture Sector | | | Learn more about the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. | | | consider registering a limited number of refuges, monumental centres and other immovable cultural property of very great importance in the International Register of Cultural Property under Special Protection and obtain special protection for such property; |
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http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=8450&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
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| | Workshop on cultural heritage management begins Friday |
| | The 50th anniversary of the signing of the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict was recently celebrated and the Second Protocol of the Convention entered into force in 20 states on March 9, 2004. | | | AMMAN (JT) — An international workshop on “Cultural Heritage Management in Times of Armed Conflicts” is scheduled to take place in Amman between April 15-17, according to a statement released by the European Commission Delegation to Jordan. | | | The escalation in tensions registered in the Mediterranean region during the last two decades calls on cultural heritage operators and stakeholders to respond with a realistic and effective action in the protection of cultural heritage in areas of conflict, the statement said. |
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http://www.jordanembassyus.org/04132005003.htm
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| | 50th anniversary of the 1954 Hague Convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict |
| | The year 2004 marks two important dates for the 1954 Hague Convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict. | | | 50th anniversary of the 1954 Hague Convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict | | | All ICOMOS National Committees have been invited to raise awareness nationally on these important international legal instruments and to encourage their countries to become State Parties to the Convention and its two protocols, if they have not yet done so. |
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http://www.international.icomos.org/hague140504.htm
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| | MyDD :: Babylon damaged by military occupation; Hague convention violated by U.S. war |
| | Link to ICOMOS, the International Council on Monuments and Sites, for the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. | | | Tim Schadla Hall, reader in public archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology at University College London, said: "In this case we see an international conflict in which the US has failed to take into account the requirements of the Hague convention... | | | Babylon damaged by military occupation; Hague convention violated by U.S. war |
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http://www.mydd.com/story/2005/1/15/123813/806
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| | Safeguarding the cultural heritage of Jerusalem - UNESCO resolution (17 October 2003) |
| | that nothing in the present resolution, which aims at the safeguarding of the cultural heritage of the Old City of Jerusalem, will in any way affect the relevant United Nations resolutions and decisions, in particular the relevant Security Council resolutions on the legal status of Jerusalem, | | | Resolution adopted on the report of Commission IV at the 21st plenary meeting, on 17 October 2003. | | | United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) |
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http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/361eea1cc08301c485256cf600606959/ec635fb7bc566b7685256fbf006b84b3!OpenDocument
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