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| | The Slave Trade |
 | | Provisions made for the "disposal" of confiscated slaves was not to "contravene" the laws of that specific state. | | | Abolition of the slave trade, although legally applicable to the entire United States, primarily affected the Southern states where slavery was still legal, because slaves were not usually brought to ports of a free state. | | | As we have seen from the case study of the 1808 law prohibiting the importation of slaves, the slave trade was an issue not easily defined and confronted. |
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http://www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/slave.htm
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| | Transatlantic Slave Trade |
| | The abolition of the British trade was a 20-year process: Parliament first regulated the trade, limiting the number of slaves British vessels could carry from Africa, then closed a number of colonies to slave imports, and then in 1807 abolished the trade itself. | | | The French slave trade ended temporarily in the early 1790s after the slave revolution in the largest French colony, Saint-Domingue, removed the principal French slave market, and then the French government abolished slavery throughout French colonies in 1793-1794. | | | Bundles, or "assortments," of European trading goods were traded for a specified number of African units of exchange which then were exchanged for a specified number of slaves. |
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http://archive.blackvoices.com/research/encarta/trading.asp
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| | MSN Encarta - Atlantic Slave Trade |
| | As the slave trade grew, slavery probably became a more common punishment. | | | Most of these workers were feudal serfs who were legally bound to work on the land owned by their landlords (see Serfdom). | | | African societies that practiced slavery usually traded slaves. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761595721
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| | Learn About the UGRR: The Slave Trade |
| | Though the United States withdrew from the international slave trade in 1808, the internal slave trade between slaveholding states became a multi-million dollar industry during the nineteenth century. | | | The United States Navy maintained a Slaving Squadron off the coast of West Africa with the intention of intercepting slave ships and arresting captains, but these vessels were often obsolete and manned by incompetent officers and crew. | | | Many slaveholding states attempted to regulate this trade, though efforts were poorly enforced and usually short-lived. |
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http://www.cr.nps.gov/ugrr/learn_a1.htm
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| | Timeline: The Atlantic Slave Trade |
| | May 15: U.S. law makes slave trading piracy, punishable by the death penalty. | | | The French National Convention emancipates all slaves in the French colonies. | | | September 23: Great Britain and Spain sign a treaty prohibiting the slave trade: Spain agrees to end the slave trade north of the equator immediately, and south of the equator in 1820. |
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http://amistad.mysticseaport.org/timeline/atlantic.slave.trade.html
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| | Slave Castles and Diaspora of Ghana |
| | The importation of slaves into the United States was outlawed in 1807. | | | In the case of Asante, for example, rulers of that kingdom are known to have supplied slaves to both Muslim traders in the north and to Europeans on the coast. | | | During that time, Lisbon leased the right to establish trading posts to individuals or companies that sought to align themselves with the local chiefs and to exchange trade goods both for rights to conduct commerce and for slaves whom the chiefs could provide. |
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http://www.atidekate.com/Diaspora.htm
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| | Chronology on the History of Slavery 1619 to 1789 |
| | Rather, this was an abject slave, subject to the court's definition of him as mercantable and movable "property," as chattel or res, and to his master's virtual whim. | | | Slaves, being property, could not own property or be a party to a contract. | | | Slaves charged with crimes in Virginia were tried in special non-jury courts created in 1692. |
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http://www.innercity.org/holt/slavechron.html
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| | [No title] |
| | In emphasizing the idealized argument behind the trade, the historical image of Newport as a Quaker- influenced, northern colony, which was "exempt from the atrocities of slavery," is a flawed image. | | | The vessels are said to have transported the slaves in small numbers, because large numbers of slaves made trading ships gut the markets with slaves in poor condition. | | | They purchased slaves at low costs and then traveled to the West Indies where the slaves could be sold. |
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http://www.providence.edu/afro/students/kane/triangle.txt
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| | The impact of the slave trade on Africa, by Elikia M’bokolo |
| | The states involved in the slave trade strove to keep it within strict limits. | | | It is not certain that the European slave trade originally derived from the Arab trade. | | | The African monarch gradually allowed himself to be convinced that the slave trade was both useful and necessary. |
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http://mondediplo.com/1998/04/02africa
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| | SLAVE TRADE |
| | Of the prisoners captured a selection was made from the slaves and other spoils, “in order to detach the usual one-fifth share of the State. | | | But the trade was carried on by Muslims and not Hindus, for Moreland adds that in 1643, “a Nayak, or chief, rejected a Dutch request for leave to buy up to 1000 slaves yearly on the ground that the sale of human being was not only a scandal but a sin.” | | | The trader purchased for the Sultan one hundred slaves and Balban was one of them. |
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http://www.bharatvani.org/books/mssmi/ch10.htm
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| | Slave Trade Africa |
| | Runaway slave colonies and the origin - Runaway slaves. | | | Malay people "king of slaves" - Malay slaves the master craftsmen, disliked being controlled by slave masters. | | | The control and punishment of slaves - Sexual Intercourse between slave owners and slaves |
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http://www.rebirth.co.za/slavery.htm
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| | Slave Trade |
| | In the Digest of Justinian, the fundamental body of law for the Empire, buyers were protected from purchasing a "defective" slave. | | | Slave Trade Legal Status Family Life | | | Much like the modern slave systems, the sale and trading of slaves was central to the growth and maintenance of the institution. |
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http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~thurley/trade.html
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| | The Middle Passage |
| | The English abolished their slave trade in 1807 and abolished slavery in their colonies on July 31, 1834 freeing some 776,000 slaves. | | | A History of the Slave Trade and Slave Rebellion | | | In addition, former slaves and freedmen such as |
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http://multirace.org/firstday/first30.htm
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| | Bristol and the Slave Trade - Links to Online Resources |
| | A brief history of the slave life of the Rev. L. | | | Below are some links to sites about the slave trade organised loosely into categories. | | | Bristol Slave Trade Walk - originally created by Madge Dresser, Caletta Jordan and Doreen Taylor; further information on the Slave Trail |
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http://www.hotwells.freeserve.co.uk/slavetrade.html
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| | Slavery: Slave Trade eThemes eMINTS |
| | See currency from the Confederacy with slaves on it. | | | These sites provide information on the slave trade that involved the United States and Africa. | | | There are links to eThemes Resources on slavery during the Civil War, the slave trade, and the Underground Railroad. |
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http://www.emints.org/ethemes/resources/S00000464.shtml
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| | The Slave Trade - Middle Passage - African-American History Through the Arts |
| | A federal law, which was passed in 1793, allowed for the Fugitive Slave Act, which continued the slave trade and prohibited the freedom of the Africans. | | | The slave trade was a very controversial issue. | | | This law was stalled when the United States allowed the slavery to continue until 1800. |
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http://cghs.dade.k12.fl.us/african-american/europe/slave_trade.htm
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| | Amazon.com: Books: The SLAVE TRADE: THE STORY OF THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE: 1440 - 1870 |
| | THE SLAVE TRADE: The Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade: 1440-1870 is, perhaps, the single most-important work dealing with the slave trade. | | | YA-Thomas concentrates on the economics, social acceptance, and politics of the slave trade. | | | For descendants of slaves, this distinction may be pretty meaningless, but to the eighteenth century abolitionists it was critical. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0684835657?v=glance
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| | UNESCO - Slave Trade Archives Project |
| | USA - Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1938 | | | USA - Synopsis of the transatlantic slave trade - A Timeline 1441-1888 provided by the Homeward Boun | | | Breaking the silence - ASPnet Transatlantic Slave Trade Project |
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http://webworld.unesco.org/slave_quest/en/links.html
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| | The modern West African slave trade |
| | The children are kidnapped or purchased for $20 - $70 each by slavers in poorer states, such as Benin and Togo, and sold into slavery in sex dens or as unpaid domestic servants for $350.00 each in wealthier oil-rich states, such as Nigeria and Gabon. | | | These children are bought and sold as slaves. | | | The trade involves most states in sub-Saharan West Africa. |
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http://www.anti-slaverysociety.addr.com/slavetrade.htm
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| | The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade |
| | The European colonial enterprise was firmly based on African slavery, and historians have long acknowledged that the very creation of Capitalism as an economic system was inextricably intertwined with the trans-Atlantic slave trade and the wealth generated by the slave trade and the labor of those enslaved peoples. | | | From Colin Palmer, "African Slave Trade: The Cruelest Commerce," National Geographic 182.3 (1992), based on various sources. | | | While today’s conference is concerned with contemporary migrations within the Diaspora, there are deep historical roots which can provide important backgrounds, some even predating the trans-Atlantic slave trade: trans-Saharan, trans-Mediterranean, trans-Indian Ocean, and intra-African migrations, going back millenia. |
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http://www.unc.edu/depts/afriafam/AnniversaryConference/baw.htm
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| | Slavery Images |
| | This collection is envisioned as a tool and a resource that can be used by teachers, researchers, students, and the general public - in brief, anyone interested in the experiences of Africans who were enslaved and transported to the Americas and the lives of their descendants in the slave societies of the New World. | | | It must be emphasized that little effort is made to interpret the images and establish the historical authenticity or accuracy of what they display. |
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http://hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery
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| | The Slave Trade |
| | The circumstances which gave rise to the Underground Railroad were based on the transportation of Africans to North America as part of the Atlantic slave trade. | | | Without resistance, there would have been no need for the extensive legal codes which upheld property rights in human beings or for the brutal intimidation which always existed just beneath the surface of this coercive social system. |
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http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/slvtrade.htm
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| | Slave Trade |
| | During the early 5500's, the Europeans began the slave trade in which they transported the blacks to the Americas. | | | The whole slave trade can be summed up and narrowed down to three continents. | | | The majority of black Americans (who were once in slavery) trace their origin to an area in western Africa that was controlled by three great and wealthy black empires from about the A.D. 300's to the late 1500's. |
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http://www.angelfire.com/de/slavetrade
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| | Juneteenth.com - The Middle Passage - Tom Feelings |
| | Nowhere in the annals of history has a people experienced such a long and traumatic ordeal as Africans during the Atlantic slave trade. | | | Over the nearly four centuries of the slave - which continued until the end of the Civil War - millions of African men, women, and children were savagely torn from their homeland, herded onto ships, and dispersed all over the so-called New World. | | | Although there is no way to compute exactly how many people perished, it has been estimated that between thirty and sixty million Africans were subjected to this horrendous triangular trade system and that only one third-if that-of those people survived...' |
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http://www.juneteenth.com/middlep.htm
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