Social democracy<

Social democracy< - LegalOwl

We bring law and order to search results

About us | Why use us? | Press | Contact us

Topic: Social democracy<

Ads by Google



Democracy’s Arrow

We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and socialb> justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law.
Before that can happen, there must be broad public recognition that American democracy is undeniably declining.
Pushing democracy downhill was the loss of competitive races for the House of Representatives, because of hyperpartisan redistricting.

http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0207-22.htm (1153 words)



Democracy

States are called on to promote and consolidate democracy by taking actions to strengthen human rights and fundamental freedoms; the rule of law; electoral processes; civil society; good governance; sustainable development; and socialb> cohesion and solidarity.
While the Charter, the Universal Declaration and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights provided a strong normative foundation for a United Nations role in promoting democracy, the onset of the cold war effectively stalled United Nations support for democratization.
The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, adopted by the Assembly in 1966, conferred binding legal status on the right of individuals to participate in the processes that constitute the conduct of public affairs, and further strengthened the protection accorded to participatory rights and freedoms.

http://www.ohchr.org/english/issues/democracy (887 words)



simon.htm

His book is long on the philosophy of relations between democracy and socialb> justice, but short on law and politics of judicial process; his subtitle to the contrary notwithstanding.
Thomas W. Simon's prescriptive message in DEMOCRACY AND SOCIALb> INJUSTICE is a variation on this typical PS 101 theme: He wants courts to become part of the solution rather than part of the problem.
As his title suggests, he explores the relationship between democracy and socialb> injustice.

http://www.bsos.umd.edu/gvpt/lpbr/subpages/reviews/simon.htm (1119 words)



BRESSER.DOC

Second, she defines participatory democracy thus: One might characterize the participatory model as one where maximum input (participation) is required and where output includes not just policies (decisions) but also the development of the socialb> and political capacities of each individual, so that there is a feedback from output to input.
Democracy is no substitute for decentralization and socialb> accountability, but the latter are outcomes of the democratization process and, at the same time, they are factors making for better democratic governance.
While the organizations of civil society were increasingly recognized by the legal system as valid political interlocutors and gained political legitimacy, the public space increased in density, creating the basic conditions for participatory democracy, and some countries or federal states started to experiment with several forms of direct democracy, including the recall of incumbents.

http://www.ifcs.ufrj.br/cefm/textos/BRESSER.DOC (5158 words)



FT December 2000: Defining Socialb> Justice

And if Tocqueville is right that the principle of association is the first law of democracy, then socialb> justice is the first virtue of democracy, for it is the habit of putting the principle of association into daily practice.
Socialb> justice rightly understood is a specific habit of justice that is socialb> in two senses.
Hayek recognized that at the end of the nineteenth century, when the term socialb> justice came to prominence, it was first used as an appeal to the ruling classes to attend to the needs of the new masses of uprooted peasants who had become urban workers.

http://www.firstthings.com/ftissues/ft0012/opinion/novak.html (1879 words)



FT December 2000: Defining Socialb> Justice

And if Tocqueville is right that the principle of association is the first law of democracy, then socialb> justice is the first virtue of democracy, for it is the habit of putting the principle of association into daily practice.
Socialb> justice rightly understood is a specific habit of justice that is socialb> in two senses.
Hayek recognized that at the end of the nineteenth century, when the term socialb> justice came to prominence, it was first used as an appeal to the ruling classes to attend to the needs of the new masses of uprooted peasants who had become urban workers.

http://www.firstthings.com/ftissues/ft0012/opinion/novak.html (1879 words)



Socialb> control - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In democratic societies the goals and mechanisms of socialb> control are determined through legislation by elected representatives and thus enjoy a measure of support from the population and voluntary compliance.
Democracy is restricted since the majority is not given the information necessary to make rational decisions about ethical, socialb>, or economic issues.
Formal socialb> control is expressed through law as statutes, rules, and regulation.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_control (522 words)



Equality and Democracy

Its illiberalism not withstanding, Rousseau's theory of socialb> contracts became the foundation of the modern theory of democracy.
To many democrats, Rousseau's critique of inequality provided a major justification for democratic equality, and the Rousseauian notion of socialb> contracts and general will also helped to justify the democratic process.
This political solution is the subject of Rousseau's third discourse, The Socialb> Contracts.

http://www.oycf.org/Perspectives/4_022900/equality_and_democracy.htm (2725 words)



Direct Democracy League

Within the direct democracy community, all 24 of those states are referred to as "I&R states", states having both initiative and referendum, which are, respectively, citizen-proposed law and citizen-proposed veto of legislature-made law.
And when money-power took the new direct democracy components to court, saying that they were unconstitutional because the Constitution promised each state a republican form of government, they lost.
True republican governance is not a "pure direct democracy", although anti-direct-democracy critics abstract DD out of the mix to set up their sophistries, vacuous arguments, convoluted polemics, and out-right lies about DD and citizen lawmaking.

http://www.ddleague-usa.net (17667 words)



CUSP Review - Kenneth R Hoover

Democracy may be seen as the method that allows, on a basis of equal rights of participation, the aggregation of socialb> learning, even as it accommodates differences between individuals and groups.
Democracy is a method for making socialb> decisions, while reserving the right to change these decisions in view of new conditions, knowledge, and perceptions.
Democracy is, in the end, a political means of making decisions subject to 'the deliberative filter of public opinion,' in the phrase of Laurence Whitehead.

http://www.king.ac.uk/cusp/Publications/CuspReview/Hoover.htm (17667 words)



Democracy Struggles with Mystery of Iniquity Traditional Catholic Reflections & Reports, Catholic News & Reports, TCRNews2.com, TCRNews.com

In more than one respect Marsilius anticipated the principles of totalitarian democracy : “Whether it be in his criticism of the eccle-siastical institution, or in his theory of the ‘usurpations’ with which he reproaches the Church, or in his theory of her incompatibility with every notion of political or social order....
Totalitarian democracy exists in a constant state of crisis; historians have pointed out what a decisive part in sustaining the Revolution in all its phases was played by the cry, “The Republic is in danger!” Robespierre put the situation,or rather, the theory, with full fanaticism:
It must be obligatory on all, the single ethic of the state, of which the state itself is at once the source and the sanction.

http://www.tcrnews2.com/democracy.html (14899 words)



FASCISM AND SOCIALb> REVOLUTION

Socialb> Democracy because of its mass basis, was the main weapon of capitalism in the years immediately after the war for the rebuilding of capitalism.
Socialb> Democracy, which had shared in the boom of capitalist restoration, goes through a series of inner crises, and weakens before Communism.
On the other hand, the British Labour Party and a number of other Socialb> Democratic Parties, notably the Scandinavian, the Dutch, the Belgian, the Swiss and the Czecho-Slovak, actively opposed the united front and even developed extended disciplinary measures to prevent its realisation.

http://www.plp.org/books/Dutt.html (16358 words)



What Is So Special about Democracy

A democracy that is faithful to its premise of civic equality and its aspiration for socialb> justice must defend moral deliberation within its everyday politics, where legislators, executives, administrators, judges, and many other public officials make and apply public policy.
Democracy will also be special to the extent that its citizens achieve a higher degree of political competence and maintain a more stable commitment to justice than alternative forms of government.
But deliberative democracy is special because it remains a moral ideal to be approached because it and only it is dedicated to the idea that laws, policies, and institutions that are coercive-as are the laws and policies, and institutions of politics-need to be justified to the people who are bound by them.

http://www.hku.hk/rblack/Master/Lectures/Amy%20Gutmann.htm (16358 words)



Issues of Democracy, May 2000 -- Towards A Community of Democracies

The analysis of democracy aid presented here highlights a central cautionary lesson: No dramatic or quick results should be expected from democracy promotion efforts, especially in the case of those countries where the mix of economic, socialb> and political forces remains hostile to the development of democracy.
Democracy promoters have failed in many cases to develop a sophisticated understanding of the societies in which they function, content with the misguided idea that their knowledge of democracy alone is sufficient basis for the fostering of democracy.
Democracy programs present a challenge for evaluators because of the difficulty of agreeing on precise criteria of success in the political domain and of establishing clear causal links between specific projects and larger political trends.

http://www.usinfo.state.gov/journals/itdhr/0500/ijde/carothers.htm (2141 words)



Europe in Retropsect: The French Revolution - Phases of the Revolution

It must be remembered that the French Revolution was the first major socialb> revolution, of far greater dimensions and of deeper purpose than the American Revolution that had preceded it.
As the Revolution became more popular in support, it also became more intolerant; this dual situation occurring in the years 1793 and 1794, when the Jacobin faction, that most closely identified with the people of Paris and with democracy, was supreme.
In its first and nonactivist phase, from 1787 to 1789, the Revolution therefore amounted to a legal debate between monarchy and aristocracy over the financing of the state and the political authority which each claimed to enjoy and exercise.

http://www.britannia.com/history/euro/1/2_2.html (2334 words)



bijker.html

He criticizes the presently prevailing forms of liberal, representative democracy as "thin democracy" in which citizens are viewed as atoms of self-interest, contained by politics: "Legislatures and courts alike deploy penal sanctions and juridical incentives aimed at controlling behavior by manipulating--but not altering or transforming--hedonistic self-interest.
[6] The semiotic power originates from the fixity of meanings, which is built-up during the formation of a technological frame as a result of the micropolitics of relevant socialb> groups.
Barber's alternative, "strong democracy", "resolves conflict in the absence of an independent ground through a participatory process of on-going, proximate self-legislation and the creation of a political community capable of transforming dependent private individuals into free citizens and partial and private interests into public goods".

http://www.angelfire.com/la/esst/bijker.html (2334 words)



Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Commonwealth was notable for its political system, which was a precursor to modern democracy and federation; for its remarkable religious tolerance; and for the second-oldest codified national constitution in the world.
The aftermath of the rokosz of Zebrzydowski (1606–7) marks the time when magnates significantly increased their power, and this szlachta democracy has transformed into magnate oligarchy.
This unique system stemmed from the victories of the szlachta (noble) class over other socialb> classes and over the political system of monarchy.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish-Lithuanian_Commonwealth (4567 words)



Robert Putnam - Bowling Alone - Journal of Democracy 6:1

When Tocqueville visited the United States in the 1830s, it was the Americans' propensity for civic association that most impressed him as the key to their unprecedented ability to make democracy work.
Ever since the publication of Alexis de Tocqueville's Democracy in America, the United States has played a central role in systematic studies of the links between democracy and civil society.
What types of organizations and networks most effectively embody--or generate--socialb> capital, in the sense of mutual reciprocity, the resolution of dilemmas of collective action, and the broadening of socialb> identities?

http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/DETOC/assoc/bowling.html (4567 words)



D@dalos education server- Democracy: Modern history

His most important work in the cause of democracy was the "Du contrat socialb>" (The Socialb> Contract) which developed a case for civil liberty and was based on agreement.
Further milestones along the road to democracy were the British "Declaration of Rights" (1689), the American Declaration of Independence (1776), the American constitution (1787/91) and "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen" by the French National Assembly (1789).
The development of democracy during modern history plays an essential part in understanding modern forms of democracy and their problems.

http://www.dadalos.org/int/Demokratie/demokratie/grundkurs2/neuzeit/neuzeit.htm (4567 words)



Socialb> Movements

In this context, the law, as well as courts, are increasingly becoming useful tools that can go beyond traditional representative democracy mechanisms, allowing socialb> movements to develop strategies of legal and political action reinforcing their identities as political actors.
Rather, it is suggested that we stand on the brink of a new conjuncture in which the relationship between globalization, democracy and socialb> movements may be reconfigured in the direction of a global solidarity paradigm.
While considering important and arguably 'revolutionary' long-term effects of new socialb> movements such as the CRM, the paper also looks to emphasise that the CRM carried out an intense struggle over meanings, aiming to influence public policy in order to improve Northern Ireland institutions and political culture.

http://www.um.es/ESA/Abstracts/Abst_rn19.htm (14504 words)



Internet Politics 2004: The Good, The Bad and the Unknown Personal Democracy Forum

Certainly, efforts like the Creative Commons to enrich the public domain by, as they say, “build[ing] a layer of reasonable, flexible copyright in the face of increasingly restrictive default rules” are critical to the success of this vision of semiotic democracy.
The result might be a more energized citizenry and "semiotic democracy" – the "recoding" and "reworking" of cultural meaning.
This is just one small example of the use of digital media to easily create and distribute socialb> commentary; ultimately, maybe this is just the sort of potential, placed in the hands of any Internet user, to create cultural meaning.

http://www.personaldemocracy.com/node/184 (14504 words)



MiddleWeb history and socialb> studies resources

Core Documents of U.S. Democracy -- A basic electronic depository collection that provides direct online access to the essential documents that define our democratic society.
Women and Socialb> Movements in the United States -- This site may be too advanced for most middle grades students but will be of interest to history teachers who want to deepen their own knowledge of U.S. women's history.
Words and Deeds in American History -- This site collects and posts original manuscripts and letters archived at the Library of Congress.

http://www.middleweb.com/CurrSocStud.html (8762 words)



The Real War - On American Democracy

We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and socialb> justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law.
What we are seeing now in the neoconservative agenda is nothing less than an attempt to overthrow republican democracy and replace it with a worldwide feudal state.
Although their philosophical roots go back to Alexander Hamilton, who openly argued during the Constitutional Convention that royalty was the best form of government, the neocons have always been kept to the fringe, nipping at the heels of democracy.

http://www.commondreams.org/views03/0411-12.htm (1631 words)



Ross Mayfield's Weblog

In the most unclueful populist hyperbole I have read, Socialb> Software - get real, Martyn Perks the IT columnist of Sp!iked, derides socialb> software and the role of socialb> capital in democracy.
One where the only socialb> ties you should form are with the state or one where you can freely associate at a low cost to engage with the state.
What both the mainstream politicians and the socialb> software advocates fail to register, is that most people are unmotivated by politics because the content sucks.

http://radio.weblogs.com/0114726/2003/03/22.html (788 words)



<nettime> 3 Proposals for a Real Democracy

7 "'Content Flatrate' and the Socialb> Democracy of the Digital Commons," posted on nettime on 13/7/04, at http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-0407/msg00020.html.
For you cannot contribute to the wealth of global common goods without having access to the tools of production/distribution, and to existing informational and cultural resources; and yet this kind of engagement also requires that you have the time, time liberated from the relentless need to earn money for the basic necessities of socialb> reproduction.
Recently, quite a narrow range of solutions have been proposed: either pay-per-song download sites, in a centralizing scheme favored by the music industry; or a "flatrate" tax on Internet users, preserving file-sharing by prov iding a source of monetary compensation to be distributed among the copyright holders.

http://www.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-0408/msg00095.html (788 words)



Bolshevism: The Road to Revolution - Part 5, Section 1

The official leaders of the Socialb> Democracy of all the belligerent powers were easily ensnared, since they needed no encouragement to rally to the support of “their” bourgeoisie.
While they still professed loyalty to the class struggle and socialism before the Party faithful, in practice their conduct was entirely circumscribed by the limits of what was permitted by bourgeois legality and “public opinion”.
The Rumanian Socialb> Democrats also adopted a revolutionary anti-war position.

http://www.marxist.com/bolshevism/part5-1.html (788 words)



1dina10.txt

If we carefully examine the socialb> and political state of America, after having studied its history, we shall remain perfectly convinced that not an opinion, not a custom, not a law, I may even say not an event, is upon record which the origin of that people will not explain.
In the first part of this work I have attempted to show the tendency given to the laws by the democracy of America, which is abandoned almost without restraint to its instinctive propensities, and to exhibit the course it prescribes to the Government and the influence it exercises on affairs.
He had seen that these revolutions were accomplished almost without the shedding of blood, and he was filled with anxiety to learn the causes that had placed republican government, in France, in such contrast with Democracy in America.

http://www.bralyn.net/etext/literature/alexis.de.tocqueville/1dina10.txt (17518 words)



Bibliography on SOCIALb> CLASS

Bowles, Samuel / Gintes, Herbert [1986] Democracy and Capitalism: property, community, and the contradictions of modern socialb> thought.
Cohen, I.J. [1990] Structuration theory and socialb> order: Five issues in brief.
Filoux, J.-C. [1993] Inequalities and Socialb> Stratification in Durkheim's Sociology.

http://www2.fmg.uva.nl/sociosite/CLASS/bibA.html (11028 words)



Workers Power – Manchester branch

Luxemburg could declare 'since August 4th, 1914, German Socialb> Democracy has been a stinking corpse' but the grouping around her, as we shall see were not capable of establishing a clear and programmatic basis for a new and revolutionary Communist International Party.
The problems facing communists were essentially those of explanation of the opportunist politics of the Socialb> Democratic Parties, of developing the programmatic basis for the struggle for power in the imperialist epoch, the programmatic basis for the split with all opportunist elements.
But Luxemburg's work is the first major attempt of the Socialb> Democratic left to come to terms with the new period of capitalism, to attempt to develop a theory of the new period to lay the basis for a programme for Socialist revolution.

http://wpmanc.org/theory3.html (11028 words)



201 Janda Student Outlines

A. Elections are institutional mechanisms that implement democracy by allowing citizens to choose among candidates or issues.
In one view of pluralist democracy, citizens are free to ply and wheedle public officials to further their own selfish visions of the public good.
Besides burdensome registration procedures, another factor usually cited to explain low turnout in American elections is the lack of political parties that mobilize the vote of particular socialb> groups, especially lower-income and less-educated people.

http://fs.huntingdon.edu/jlewis/Syl/AmerPol/201JandaStudtOutlines.htm (11028 words)

Topic: Social <b>democracy<

Ads by Google