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Topic: Urban praetor

Ads by Google Related Topics Praetor peregrinus urban praetor urban district      Property Rights: Roman and English Concepts - imperium; police powers His proceedings were "in iure," or "in presence of law officer," and might involve counsel for the parties and argument as to law and fact. Magistrates were delegated the right or power to issue edicts. One or more persons were appointed to actually judge the action, itself. http://familyguardian.betterthanyours.com/Publications/PropertyRights/R3imper.html      Roman Law Praetor's Edict, yearly statement of policy (=how to enforce the laws) Note: urban praetor = magistrate in charge of civil jurisdiction http://www.colorado.edu/Classics/clas2110/Law.html      praetor The urban praetor remained in Rome, primarily as a judge in the law courts, but he could also convene the comitia and initiate legislation. When he heard substantive cases, he sat on the sella curulis, which was placed upon a tribunal (see chair and tribunal on a One praetor served as the urban praetor, praetor urbanus, who decided cases in the city to which citizens were parties; the other became the external praetor, praetor peregrinus, who decided cases involving one or more foreigners and served as the supreme authority in the provinces. http://www.vroma.org/%7Earaia/praetor.html      The Avalon Project : Law of Caesar on Municipalities, 44 B.C. The urban quaestor or whoever is in charge of the treasury shall provide that the amount of the contract, for which each street is so leased, shall be awarded and assigned to the contractor or to his heir, to whom it properly should be awarded in accordance with the terms of the contract. If anyone in contravention of this regulation gives grain to anyone of those persons so posted he shall be liable to a penalty of 50,000 sesterces payable to the State for each modius of grain so given, and anyone so minded shall be entitled to sue for this sum. He shall make this contract publicly in the Forum through the urban quaestor or whoever is in charge of the treasury. http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/medieval/law_of_caesar.htm      Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2001.08.21 Piso senior and conspirators and accomplices in all his crimes, ought to be declared outlaws by the praetor who presides over the law of treason; and it is (the senate's) pleasure that their property should be sold and the profits consigned to the aerarium by a praetor in charge of the aerarium. Let the publican who has contracted for the exaction of duties give satisfaction publicly, with guarantors and land fixtures (pledges), in the judgment of the consuls Gaius Furnius and Gaius Silanus or the praetors in charge of the aerarium. Thus, there are eighteen praetors exercising jurisdiction in the civitas. http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2001/2001-08-21.html      Reading 8 Each new urban praetor (our "chief city magistrate") issued an edictum praetorium, announced by a herald in the Forum and inscribed upon a wall, and stating the legal principles on which the praetor proposed to act and judge during his year's term. Through their power of imperium, or rule, the praetors were allowed not only to interpret existing laws, but to make new ones. The need for minor or more specific laws was met by the edicta of the municipal officials. http://www.law2.byu.edu/Thomas/Legal_History/Reading_8.html      Ernest Metzger, 'The Current View of the Extra-Judicial Vadimonium' (2000) Naeuius applies to the praetor Dolabella for Quinctius to give security for payment of the judgment, in accordance with the edict which allows such security from one whose goods have been possessed for thirty days in accordance with the praetor 's edict. However, those persons whom we may not with impunity summon in ius without the praetor 's permission are the same as those whom we may not bind by uadimonium against their will, unless the praetor gives his permission. Cicero does not say whether the praetor compelled Alfenus to make his promise, though perhaps the threat of being compelled to do so (that is, the uadimonium being Alfenus' 'voluntary' act only in the loosest sense of the word) makes the point moot. http://www.iuscivile.com/materials/reprints/metzger-4.htm      Feedback Memo Fall 1995 Therefore, the Praetor not only had the power to issue laws of general applicability, but he could control litigation by granting a new formula to fit the facts of the case before him. The Urban Praetor had civil jurisdiction over cases involving at least one foreigner. The Urban Praetor had civil jurisdiction over cases involving only Roman citizens. http://nersp.nerdc.ufl.edu/~malavet/comparat/clfm95.htm      law The chief magistrate in charge of the administration of justice was called the urban praetor. At the beginning of his term, he would publish an edict listing the actions he would allow to be brought in court, that is the circumstance in which someone could be sued in a Roman court. The jury was of variable but considerable size (roughly between 25 and 75 men), and as in the private law courts, the jurors (also called iudices) were drawn from the most prominent citizens. http://www.utexas.edu/courses/cc302/law.html      The Cultural Significance of Roman Manumission Even though the state could not control this unofficial form of freedom, the Praetor's edict was obviously aimed at keeping masters honest by protecting slaves' quasi-liberty. For example, although the Republican procedure had to involve a magistrate with imperium, it could be performed anywhere, at any time. Examples of this are described in the clause of the XII Tables that guaranteed the statuliber's right to liberty if he complied with the conditions imposed by his deceased master, and in the temporary senatus consultum of 177 B.C. requiring masters to take an oath attesting to the legitimacy of each manumission vindicta they sought. http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~epf/1996/manumssn.html      forum historiae iuris - Birgit Feldner If the praetor decrees that the litigating parties appear in an ill reputed house, for instance in a bar or a brothel, the parties may, according to Ulpianus, disobey this order without being exposed to sanctions (D 4.8.21.11 Ulpianus 13 ad ed). Another intriguing case is to be found in the area of legal representation in litigations. One is entitled by law to disobey such an order. http://www.rewi.hu-berlin.de/online/fhi/articles/0209feldner.htm      CLASS 365: Between First and Second Punic Wars The original praetor was called the urban praetor, who now dealt with legal matters involving only citizens. Already in 242, the large amount of legal business overseen by the one praetor led to the creation of a second position. In terms of allotment, men were elected simply to the position of praetor, and the senate would decide which provincial praetorships needing replacement (the praetorships in the city were never prorogues and hence always needed replacement). http://www.ualberta.ca/~csmackay/CLASS_365/Interwar.html      [No title] It begins by stating that interested parties, that is, those who would otherwise inherit the unborn child's portion of the estate, may send examiners to investigate the widow's condition. As an example, I would like to leave you with one last quotation from the Corpus Juris Civilis, that of Dig. authorisation for form's sake, he is often compelled by the praetor to give authorisation, even http://www.classics.und.ac.za/scholia/3inaug1.html      SCB No one shall seek to perform rites in secret, nor shall anyone seek to perform rites in public or private or outside the city, unless he has appointed the urban praetor and is given permission with a senatorial decree, so long as no less than one hundred senators are present when the matter is considered. No one shall seek to appoint either man or woman as master or acting master, or seek henceforth to exchange mutual oaths, vows, pledges or promises, nor shall anyone seek to create mutual guarantees. (19) "No one shall seek to perform rites when more than five men and women are gathered together, nor shall more than two men or more than three women seek to be present there, except by permission of the urban praetor and the senate as recorded above." http://www.utexas.edu/courses/gelbmyth/scb.html      Ernest Metzger, 'The Case of Petronia Iusta' (2000) But the very point of the passage is to show that the praetor had an opportunity in the case of atrox iniuria which he did not have in the case of oridinary iniuria : the opporunity to set the penalty for non-appearance (and thereby impliedly to set an upper limit for the amount of damages). This simply underscores the point that in other cases (and it remains uncertain which ones) the praetor did not set the penalty for non-appearance. A well-known text in Gaius ( Institutes 3.224) tells us that the praetor did set the amount of the penalty in the case of atrox iniuria. http://www.iuscivile.com/materials/reprints/metzger-3.htm      Annals of Nova Roma, 2751 AUC: The Election I would hope that, as we grow, we can enforce the Cursus Honorem through the ballot box; that we would not elect a Consul that has not held the office of Praetor, etc. In brief statements, Senatores and Praetores Urbani Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus and Decius Iunius Palladius announced their joint candidacies for the consulship. There are some positions which will NOT be voted on by Citizens in this election, such as the Praetors of the different Provincia, which are administered by the Senate. http://www.novaroma.org/annales/2751/election.htm      Amt The praetorship was ordinarily of annual tenure, and the age requirement was 30 years. Magistrates of praetorian rank presided over the special courts of law established at Rome to deal with such crimes as extortion, bribery, treason, and murder. A second praetor, known as the peregrine praetor, was appointed in 242 BC to conduct lawsuits in which one or both of the litigants were foreigners. http://www.uni-klu.ac.at/archeo/alltag/7amt.htm      The Avalon Project : Agrarian Law; 111 B.C. The praetor or the propraetor in whose court suit shall be made... but if a tax farmer asserts that something is owed or should be paid to him in respect to this case, the consul, the proconsul, the praetor, or the propraetor, in whose jurisdiction the matter lies, within the next ten days after the complaint has been made concerning the matter... unless before that time security for this land or place is provided in public or surety is provided, shall sell for ready cash that land or place for which, in the opinion of the praetor, proper security in accordance with this law has not been registered. http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/medieval/agrarian_law.htm      Roman Government Officials It also was a legislative body which votes on legal measures submitted to it by the presiding magistrate. Served as the supreme civil judges for legal cases Praetor Peregrinus --dealt with disputes where one or both parties were foreigners. http://home.comcast.net/~rthamper/html/body_romanoffices.htm      WLGR No Roman citizen or man of Latin rights or anyone of the allies shall associate with the Bacchae, unless they have appeared before the urban praetor and he has given permission, in accordance with the opinion of the Senate, delivered while not less than 100 senators were present when the matter was discussed.' Regarding the Bacchanalia the senators proposed to issue a decree as follows to those who are allied with us: You shall publish these decrees in public assembly for not less than three market days, that you may know the opinion of the Senate. http://www.stoa.org/diotima/anthology/wlgr/wlgr-religion388.shtml      praetor on Encyclopedia.com In 242 BC two praetors were appointed, the urban praetor ( praetor urbanus), deciding cases to which citizens were parties, and the peregrine praetor ( praetor peregrinus) deciding cases between foreigners. Praetor anti-spam filtering software is effective weapon against `Love Bug` Microsoft exchange-based security product from Computer Mail Services, Inc.; Prevents infected e-mail from ever reaching corporate... http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/p1/praetor.asp      TheWargamer.com: Rise of the Roman Republic Roman Magistrate Chart Consuls, Proconsuls, and Praetors may be Prorogued if eligible. The number of Praetors in play is limited to 50% of the number of other non-Praetor magistrates in play. Randomly from the three available Urban Praetors, Or Randomly from the pool http://www.thewargamer.com/AncientWorld/RomanMagistrateChart.html      University of Waterloo Cicero "The Spirit of the Law versus the Letter of the Law" - Augustus: 3 urban cohorts (1000 men each) under City Prefect (senator) http://watarts.uwaterloo.ca/CLASS/lecture5.htm      CLASS 366: Sulla and Marius Consuls He wished to pass legislation to distribute them evenly in the existing 35 tribes. Rufus was willing (like a good tribune) to use violence in getting his laws passed, and entered into a personal quarrel with his old friend the consul Q. Pompeius Rufus. Though credit for ending the war later became an issue between them, it seems not to have been at this moment, since Marius was confident enough of Sulla to employ him as a legate during his war against the Germans. http://www.ualberta.ca/~csmackay/CLASS_366/Sulla.html      [No title] Idem iste praetor monumenta antiquissima partim regum locupletissimorum, quae illi ornamento 25 urbibus esse voluerunt, partim etiam nostrorum imperatorum, quae victores civitatibus Siculis aut dederunt aut reddiderunt, spoliavit nudavitque omnia. Cicero, as praetor in 66, argues in support of the Manilian law to give the Mithridates command to Pompey. Verres tried to delay the trial until 69 when the consuls (Hortensius and Q. Metellus) and extortion court praetor (M. Metellus) would be favorable. http://personal.ecu.edu/stevensj/latn3001/ch6.doc      Ancient Medicine 8: Family Planning Special regulations under Roman law for a pregnant woman whose marriage has ended And it should be noted that it is not permitted for the husband or wife to appoint a midwife, but they are all to be appointed by the praetor. Concerning the inspection of the womb and protection of the child, the praetor says this: http://www.lamp.ac.uk/~noy/Medicine8.htm      Forum Romanum chief executives, whether to call them "Praetor", "Propraetor", "Legatus" or legate would be appointed by the Senate (not by a Provincial Praetor) Praetor or the Senate) to do useful work within a Province. http://www.novaroma.org/forum/mainlist/1999/1999-02-05.html      Retribution (Motherhood II) - Hind's Blood Before Xena could respond, the court's bailiff stepped on the podium, announcing: "All rise! The court is now in session, the honorable judge, the Urban Praetor Marcus Aurelius Maximus is presiding." Xena and Eve stood up, curiously inspecting the magistrate ascending his seat. http://www.amazontrails.com/xena/retribution_noa.htm      International Urban Cooperation Policies and Programmes This document was finalized and will be updated regularly under the direction of Mr. This information was then completed by searches through the Intenet and CIDA's Information Centre. It also gives an overview of what international organizations are doing in specific sectors, such as urban environment, municipal management, and basic services (water, sanitation, health, and so on). http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/cida_ind.nsf/vall/b97d92d25736f70f852569800069c28d?OpenDocument&ExpandSection=10,12,14      Encyclopedia: Romulan The Romulan Senate also has the Continuing Committee, which is composed of senators and the chairman of the Tal Shiar and confirm the new praetor. The Romulan government consists of several parts: the Romulan Senate, the main governing and legislative body in a large chamber on Romulus. The Senate is headed by the praetor, followed by the proconsul. http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Romulan      Encyclopedia4U - Marius - Encyclopedia Article He barely won acquittal on this charge, spent an uneventful year as praetor in Rome (as urban praetor, peregrine praetor or president of the extortion court). In 114 Marius' imperium was prorogued and he was sent to govern Further Spain, where he engaged in some sort of minor military operation. Soon thereafter Marius ran for the curule aedileship and after losing ran unsuccessfully for the plebeian aedileship ( Plutarch says the two defeats actually happened on the same day, but for technical reasons this is unlikely). http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/m/marius.html      Julius Caesar - The Last Dictator - Youth to Consulate Almost from the first, he turned against the established senatorial party and sought out the popularis or people's party. At age 39, he was now in position to seek the Consulship, the highest and most revered office in the Roman Republic. This was a popular position for crowd-pleasing; Caesar threw spectacular public entertainments and funded lavish building projects, meanwhile strengthening his clients among the northern Italian Latin colonies. http://heraklia.fws1.com/early_life/index.html      O tempora! O mores! The Oratory of Cicero In 123 Marius served under Scipio as quaestor at Numantum. The praetor presided over litigation between citizens in the city of Rome. He continued his military service until 68, when Catiline was elected as praetor. http://www.skidmore.edu/academics/classics/courses/1999spring/cl201/cl201pro/cl201tem.html      Election To The Offices Of The Magistrates, The Entry To The Senate Imperium meant supreme authority, involving command in war and the interpretation and execution of law, including the infliction of the death penalty (Bradley 2000). For approximately the first 60 years of the Republic the senators were appointed by the Consuls in much the same way they had been appointed by the kings. Most of the population who were readily available to vote, meaning the great number of urban plebeians, were registered in the four urban tribes which could only account for 4 electoral votes. http://www.roman-empire.net/articles/article-008.html      Lucius Valerius Flaccus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Flaccus does not appear further, and is presumed to have died soon after. He later served as military tribune in Cilicia, quaestor in Spain under Flaccus was then praetor, then governor of Asia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Valerius_Flaccus      Notes to Asconius' Commentary on the Pro Milone The ceremony was held in the house of a major magistrate, in this case the Urban Praetor (who happened to be Julius Caesar in the crucial year 62), under the leadership of his wife (Pompeia). He was Tribune in 59, and Praetor in (probably) 57 (but no later than 55); in 53 he was appointed interrex during electoral disturbances, though he was now a plebeian by adoption. Indicted in 52 for bribery, he escaped prosecution when Pompey selected him as consular colleague; of the three original consular candidates he was the only one to survive politically. http://www.bsu.edu/web/jsruebel/asconius-milo-notes.html      Julius Caesar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia During his consulship Cicero revealed a conspiracy to overthrow the elected magistrates organized by Lucius Sergius Catilina, a patrician aristocrat frustrated about his own political failure. Marcus Tullius Cicero was senior Consul and Caesar had been elected Urban Praetor by the Centuriate Assembly. His father and namesake, Caius Julius Caesar, achieved the rank of praetor (see cursus honorum). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar      Terminology, September 19-24 praetor, praetores created the following year, 366 BC ("junior consul" with civil administrative responsibilities) (3rd century: praetor urbanus, "urban praetor," and praetor peregrinus, "foreign praetor") Assemblies of Early Rome, 509-287 B.C. 300 members of the Senatus : oligarchic (former consuls and praetors), controlled state funds, directed foreign policy, administered public lands, oversaw and disbursed magistrates' responsibilities (all scrutinized by censors) http://www.skidmore.edu/academics/classics/courses/1999fall/hi202/terminology_sept_22.html      life Many of these urban poor could be enlisted in the army and equppied by the state, swelling the Roman legions. Marius was elected urban praetor in 115 BCE, and, soon after, married Julia the aunt of Julius Caesar (whom Plutarch claims was strongly influenced by Marius, p.18). He was then elected to a military tribunate in 119 BCE after recieving notice and praise from Scipio. http://faculty.vassar.edu/jolott/old_courses/republic1998/marius/life.htm      Life of Gaius Julius Caesar Pompey tried to curb public bribery by taking the power of the Urban Praetor to choose Senators away. During the year the consuls managed to settle the state down. Instead the richest of the rich would hold these positions. http://www.geocities.com/caesarkevin/caesar3.html      Life of Gaius Julius Caesar It is said that he already had a grudge against Caesar for not endorsing him for the position of Urban Praetor and for stealing his lions in Greece. Cassius was more than qualified for the position of Urban Praetor, as Caesar understood. But Caesar had been trying to make himself look good with the people by trying to carry out great public works. http://www.geocities.com/caesarkevin/caesar_12.html      Regio II - Decumanus "C. Caninius, son of Gaius, urban praetor, by decision of the senate, judged this area to be public property". The texts inform us that the land between the Tiber and the eastern half of the Decumanus was public property. These were erected between 150 and 80 BC by a praetor called Caninius. http://www.ostia-antica.org/regio2/pr/decumanus.htm      Melania (1) She seems to have been acquainted with Jerome and his friends, who at that time formed an ascetic society at Aquileia. Her husband died when she was only 22 years old, leaving her with three children, of whom two died immediately after their father. Full of ascetic enthusiasm, she rejoiced to be now more free to serve Christ, left her son to the charge of the urban praetor, and, though winter was beginning, sailed for the East (Hieron. http://www.ccel.org/w/wace/biodict/htm/iii.xiii.xxiii.htm      CLASS 366: After Caesar's Death Octavius became governor of Macedonia and his death there in 59 precluded any hopes for the consulship. Antonius (or Mark Antony in the traditional English form) was the son of the unsuccessful praetor of 74 and grandson of the consul of 99. (After the death of the praetor of 74 she married P. Cornelius Lentulus Sura cos 71, the man who held the praetorship in 63 and was executed by Cicero as the leading conspirator that December. http://www.ualberta.ca/~csmackay/CLASS_366/After.Ides.1.html      Brutus on Encyclopedia.com He had sided with Pompey, but after the battle of Pharsalus, Caesar pardoned him, made him governor of Cisalpine Gaul (46 BC), and, in 44 BC, urban praetor. Roman historians tell how he led the Romans in expelling the Tarquins after the rape of Lucrece, how he became one of the first praetors (there were no consuls), and how he executed his sons for plotting a Tarquinian restoration. He feigned idiocy to escape death at the hands of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (see under Tarquin). http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/B/Brutus.asp      Fleet Street Gaming   The Praetor is typically a former senator who has amassed great notice in the public eye, or a general whose skills on the battlefield bring wealth and fame into the Empire.   After the siege of Karth before the hands of The Blighter during the Longest Night, the victorious general Demodocius, at the behest of the people, became Praetor.   Why do so many flock to this place of urban might? http://www.fleetstreetgaming.com/karthia.html      The Adrenaline Vault Velocity Servers Patches Pax Romana Resolve a issue where the urban praetor was governor of Italia for only 1 week Remove a CTD on the stratagem Influence Peddling http://www.avault.com/pcrl/patches_temp.asp?patch=paxromana      Flaccus: Carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero - Seize the day, counting as little as possible on tomorrow. During his first consulships he did good service against the Ligurians, Gauls and Insubrians. He especially distinguished himself during the second Punic War. His son, Quintus Fulvius Flaccus, was Roman consul four times (237, 224, 212, 209 B.C.), censor (231), pontifex maximus [high priest] (216), and urban praetor (215). http://www.flacc.us/flaccus.html      About Marcus Agrippa He was also a leader in the war against Lucuis Antoninus Pietas. He held the governorship of Gaul in 38 and put down a rebellion of the Aquitania. Agrippa was tribune of the plebs in 43 and urban praetor in 40. http://gensvipsania.canadaoccidentalis.org/marcusagrippa.html      Roman Republic Heavily urbanised Italy's cities support large urban populations, which rely on food and taxes from the other provinces of the Roman empire. The former kingdom of Bithynia has been a Roman province for several decades now. Its capital Rome is the centre of the Roman Republic and the centre of Roman rule. http://www.donaldhs.vic.edu.au/home/spotter/Roman_Republic.html

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