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Topic: Referendum

Ads by Google      Referendum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Certain kinds of referendums held in some states of the United States are referred to as ballot measures or propositions. Referendums is logically preferable as a plural form meaning ballots on one issue (as a Latin gerund, referendum has no plural). The terms referendum and plebiscite are often used interchangeably but the term plebiscite is usually preferred in circumstance in which a decision is being made on fundamental issues of sovereignty, such as in determining national borders or adopting a new constitution. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referendum   (3267 words)      Referendums and Plebiscites Second, the term "plebiscite", though sometimes used interchangeably with referendum, has negative connotations in a number of countries, where it is used for votes that were not held under genuinely democratic conditions. Referendums have been used in many countries; in Switzerland they are very common, see Switzerland, in some countries there may be on average one or two per year, and in most countries they are rare. If a referendum were held to resolve the question of which should become the country's sole language, this would solve nothing, because the minority group would be unlikely to accept the majority vote in favour of the other language as a fair way of resolving the dispute. http://www.aceproject.org/main/english/es/esc01a.htm   (1761 words)      Venice Commission - Commission de Venise In the case of preliminary referendums, the Constitution or the legislation will set a time-limit for the adoption of a text that conforms to the popular vote – which will, if necessary, be submitted to a referendum in its turn. If authorisation is required in order to gather signatures for popular initiatives and referendum petitions on public thoroughfares, such authorisation may be refused only in specific cases, on the basis of overriding public interest and in accordance with the principle of equality. In particular, referendums cannot be held if the Constitution does not provide for them, for example where constitutional reform is a matter for ParliamentÂ’s exclusive jurisdiction. http://www.venice.coe.int/docs/2001/CDL(2001)010-e.asp   (1968 words)      REFERENDUM ACT, 1942 (6) At an ordinary referendum, the proposal which is the subject thereof shall be stated on the ballot paper in the same terms as nearly as may be as such proposal is stated in the writing under the hand and seal of the President sent by him to the Taoiseach. (3) Where the court confirms a provisional referendum certificate without alteration, the court shall cause a statement of the fact of such confirmation to be endorsed on such certificate by a registrar of the High Court and shall cause such certificate so endorsed to be returned forthwith to the referendum returning officer. —(1) At the trial of a referendum petition, the court shall be entitled to require the referendum returning officer to produce and deliver to the court all or any of the documents in his possession relating to the referendum, including reports, packets, and documents sent to him by local returning officers. http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1942_8.html   (7314 words)      The Referendum in Ireland The Constitution also provides for a referendum on a proposal other than a proposal to amend the Constitution (referred to in law as an "ordinary referendum"). If the provisional certificate is not questioned by way of referendum petition to the High Court, within the time allowed by law, the certificate becomes final. Based on these reports, he/she draws up a provisional referendum certificate stating the overall result of the voting and indicating whether or not the proposal has been approved. http://www.clarelibrary.ie/eolas/cominfo/democracy/referendum_in_ireland.htm   (1310 words)      No. 1/1998: REFERENDUM ACT, 1998 "referendum" means a constitutional referendum or an ordinary referendum. (2) The referendum returning officer shall, as soon as practicable after receipt of a notification under subsection (1), notify each local returning officer of the particulars so notified to him or her under subsection (1). (b) in the case of an ordinary referendum, not later than the date of the making of the relevant order under section 12 of the Act of 1994. http://acts2.oireachtas.ie/zza1y1998.1.html   (2581 words)      Peter Suber, "Population Changes and Constitutional Amendments" A popular referendum that transcended state boundaries, and a plan to weigh state votes by population, would each provide a remedy to the federalist type of abuse. Any amendment to article V that merely made a referendum exclusive would not affect federalism in the form of local control and experimentation. A popular referendum and the present convention method of ratification (modified to bind delegates to campaign positions) would each cure the republican type of abuse. http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/writing/acessay.htm   (10461 words)      Initiative and Referendum Chart Initiative or popular referendum adopted in 1970; initiatives currently allowed by state constitution but popular referendums are not; initiatives only allowed for constitutional amendments—not statutory amendments Initiative and popular referendum process adopted via constitution in 1908; both processes allowed; initiatives are allowed for constitutional amendments and statutes (direct for constitutional issues and indirect for statutes) Initiative petitions for state legislation/amendments to the constitution must be filed w/Sec. http://www.animallaw.info/articles/ddusinitiativechart.htm   (10461 words)      Definition of Referendum In the United States the term referendum is often reserved for a direct vote initiated by a legislature while a vote originating in a petition of citizens is referred to as an 'initiative', 'ballot measure' or 'proposition'. The constitution also provides for a referendum on an ordinary law known as the 'ordinary referendum'. In countries in which a referendum must be initiated by parliament it is sometimes mandatory to hold a binding referendum on certain proposals, such as constitutional amendments. http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Plebiscite   (10461 words)      Casino Encyclopedia Certain kinds of referendums held in some states of the United States are referred to as ballot measures or propositions. Referendums is logically preferable as a plural form meaning ballots on one issue (as a Latin gerund, referendum has no plural). The terms referendum and plebiscite are often used interchangeably but the term plebiscite is usually preferred in circumstance in which a decision is being made on fundamental issues of sovereignty, such as in determining national borders or adopting a new constitution. http://www.casinoencyclopedia.com/index.php?title=Referendum   (10461 words)      Untitled Document Court Cases : Listing of court cases pertaining to initiative, referendum and recall. Hal Personius and Consumers For Retail Choice Sponsored by Wal-Mart (collectively CFRC) filed a special action against Kathleen Detrick and the City of Tucson, seeking mandamus relief requiring Tucson to accept and process CFRC's referendum petition and seeking a declaration that the state referendum statutes preempt Tucson's referendum ordinances. Initiative and Referendum Institute : This website, and our sister site www.ballotwatch.org, were created to provide in-depth non-partisan and non-political information about the initiative and referendum process at the local, statewide and national level as well as provide a glimpse of what is happening with initiative and referendum around the world. http://www.speakuporshutup.com/ballotbox.html   (10461 words)      Initiative, Referendum and Recall Information The referendum petition must be filed within 90 days after the adjournment of the legislative session at which the law was passed, in order for it to appear on a ballot to be voted on by the people. If a referendum is improperly filed, the referendum committee may amend and correct the petition by circulating and filing a supplementary petition within 10 days of the date that notice was given by the Lieutenant Governor. A referendum is proposed by filing an application with the Lieutenant Governor in the same manner as an initiative is proposed. http://www.gov.state.ak.us/ltgov/elections/petitions/irr.htm   (10461 words)      procedures.aspx Referendum Bills - Referendum bills are proposed laws referred to the electorate by the Legislature. The Washington State Constitution requires that initiative and referendum measures contain a specified number of legal voter signatures in order to be certified for either the ballot or the Legislature. NOTE: The Washington State Supreme Court recently issued a ruling which affects the drafting of initiative and referendum proposals. http://www.secstate.wa.gov/elections/initiatives/procedures.aspx   (10461 words)      2003 Initiative and Referendum South Dakota has the distinction of being the first state in the Union to provide for popular initiative and referendum for enacting and rejecting legislation. Initiated Measure: This is a petition to add to, amend, or repeal existing state statutes. Initiated Constitutional Amendment: This is a petition proposing to amend, repeal, or add to provisions in the South Dakota state constitution. http://www.sdsos.gov/initiati.htm   (10461 words)      Australian referendum, 1967 (Aboriginals) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia It is frequently stated that the 1967 referendum gave Aboriginal people Australian citizenship and that it gave them the right to vote in federal elections. The 1967 referendum has acquired a symbolic meaning in relation to a period of rapid social change during the 1960s. In his speech on the referendum legislation, the Prime Minister, Robert Menzies, said that Section 51 would not be altered so that the possibility of laws discriminating against Aborigines could not be enacted. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_referendum,_1967_(Aboriginals)   (10461 words)      Referendum - Enpsychlopedia Referendums is logically preferable as a plural form meaning ballots on one issue (as a Latin gerund, referendum has no plural). Certain kinds of referendums held in some states of the United States are referred to as ballot measures or propositions. The terms referendum and plebiscite are often used interchangeably but the term plebiscite is usually preferred in circumstance in which a decision is being made on fundamental issues of sovereignty, such as in determining national borders or adopting a new constitution. http://www.grohol.com/wiki/Referendum   (10461 words)      referendum: Definition and Much More From Answers.com Certain kinds of referendums held in some states of the United States are referred to as ballot measures or propositions. Referendums, which allow the general population to participate in policymaking, are not used at the national level, but are common at the state and local levels. Referendums is logically preferable as a plural form meaning ballots on one issue (as a Latin gerund, referendum has no plural). http://www.answers.com/topic/referendum   (10461 words)      Article 4 Part 1 Section 1 - Legislative authority; initiative and referendum Any measure or amendment to the constitution proposed under the initiative, and any measure to which the referendum is applied, shall be referred to a vote of the qualified electors, and shall become law when approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon and upon proclamation of the governor, and not otherwise. The whole number of votes cast for all candidates for governor at the general election last preceding the filing of any initiative or referendum petition on a state or county measure shall be the basis on which the number of qualified electors required to sign such petition shall be computed. All petitions submitted under the power of the referendum shall be known as referendum petitions, and shall be filed with the secretary of state not more than ninety days after the final adjournment of the session of the legislature which shall have passed the measure to which the referendum is applied. http://www.azleg.state.az.us/const/4/1.p1.htm   (10461 words)      REFERENDUM ACT, 1994 SECTION 12 (3) Whenever the Government determine that an ordinary referendum shall be taken, the Government shall cause notice of the determination to be published in Iris Oifigiúil, and such publication shall be conclusive evidence of the determination. the Minister shall by order appoint the day (in this Act referred to as "the polling day") upon which and the period during which the poll at the referendum shall be taken. (b) the Government determine that a referendum for the purpose of ascertaining the will of the people on the proposal shall be taken, http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/ZZA12Y1994S12.html   (205 words)      LLRX -- Researching Australian Law The record of the debates from the constitutional convention which preceded the national referendum on the republic issue may be found at the Australian Parliament web-site. The national referendum to decide on amending the Constitution so as to bring about a republic, held in November 1999, was defeated, in large part because the advocates for a republic were split over the method of appointment of the president; a split exploited by those who favoured retention of the status quo. The 'raw' or 'unreported' versions of most Australian court decisions (and those of many Commonwealth and State tribunals) are available from AustLII; those of the High Court usually within an hour of being handed down by the Court. http://www.llrx.com/features/australian.htm   (205 words)      referendum: Definition and Much More From Answers.com Certain kinds of referendums held in some states of the United States are referred to as ballot measures or propositions. Referendums, which allow the general population to participate in policymaking, are not used at the national level, but are common at the state and local levels. Referendums is logically preferable as a plural form meaning ballots on one issue (as a Latin gerund, referendum has no plural). http://www.answers.com/topic/referendum   (205 words)      SmartEngine - SmartGuide ( ENCYCLOPEDIA : referendum initiative ) Initiative and Referendum Voting: Governing Through Direct Democracy in the United States (American Legal Institutions) ($55.00) - Rich Braunstein (September, 2004) Non-partisan project seeking to obtain the right of binding initiative and referendum on state statutes and constitutional amendments. Lists initiative and referendums for both current and past elections. http://encyclopedia.smartengine.com/shell/smartpage/referendum_initiative   (205 words)      Scrutineers' Handbook The validity of a referendum or any return or statement showing the voting at a referendum may be disputed by the Commonwealth, by any State, by the Australian Capital Territory or the Northern Territory by petition addressed to the High Court. NB: The formality of the vote on a referendum ballot paper must be assessed in isolation ­ the formality/informality and method of marking of votes on other ballot papers is irrelevant. At a referendum an elector is required to indicate his or her vote on the ballot paper. http://www.aec.gov.au/_content/when/referendums/scrutineers_hb.htm   (205 words)      LLRX -- Researching Australian Law The record of the debates from the constitutional convention which preceded the national referendum on the republic issue may be found at the Australian Parliament web-site. The national referendum to decide on amending the Constitution so as to bring about a republic, held in November 1999, was defeated, in large part because the advocates for a republic were split over the method of appointment of the president; a split exploited by those who favoured retention of the status quo. The 'raw' or 'unreported' versions of most Australian court decisions (and those of many Commonwealth and State tribunals) are available from AustLII; those of the High Court usually within an hour of being handed down by the Court. http://www.llrx.com/features/australian.htm   (205 words)      The Federal Parliament and the Protection of Human Rights (Research Paper 20 1998-99) The failure of the 1988 referendum was a factor in the lack of headway on rights issues at the 1998 Constitutional Convention.(63) That Convention was called by the Federal Government to debate an Australian republic. The failed 1988 referendum to change the Australian Constitution demonstrated the difficulty of gaining a 'Yes' vote.(84) It showed that bipartisan support is essential for constitutional change and that the support of the Australian people cannot be assumed even for a proposal that is designed to protect the rights of Australians as against government. Instead the referendum proposal put to the people after being passed by the Federal Parliament was that the Constitution be amended to grant the Commonwealth fourteen new heads of power over post-war reconstruction. http://www.aph.gov.au/library/pubs/rp/1998-99/99rp20.htm   (205 words)      California Secretary of State - Elections & Voter Information - Initiative Guide Initiative Constitutional Amendment: Petitions proposing initiative constitutional amendments must be signed by registered voters. Initiative Statute: Petitions proposing initiative statutes must be signed by registered voters. If during the 15-day period, the proponent(s) of the proposed initiative measure submits amendments, other than technical, nonsubstantive amendments, to the initiative measure, the Attorney General shall provide a copy of the title and summary to the Secretary of State within 15 days after receipt of such amendments. http://www.ss.ca.gov/elections/init_guide.htm   (205 words)      Referendum 99 Then insert a provision in the referendum bill which authorises parliament to repeal the obsolete covering clauses'. After 1 July, when they will control the Senate, they will be able to make it very difficult for the Prime Minister to get his own preamble on the statute book in time for the proposed November referendum. In the referendum held on 6 November 1999, the proposed preamble was rejected in every State and Territory. http://www.law.mq.edu.au/Units/law309/referendum99.htm   (205 words)      Referendums in Australia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Similar to a referendum is a plebiscite which is conducted by the government to determine a matter relating to statute law rather than the constitution. When a referendum question is carried, it is presented for the Royal Assent, given in the monarch's name by the Governor-General. As for an Australian general election, voting in a referendum is compulsory. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referendums_in_Australia   (651 words)      CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION - Wednesday, 4 February 1998 Australians are being told that to find their national identity they must become a republic. Although it is possible that by an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth, the Constitution of each state could effectively be amended to make each state a republic, whether or not a majority of its electors were in favour, that of course would be highly improper. I also strongly hold the view that this country's Constitution should accurately reflect the fact that national sovereignty is derived from the people of this nation, not by the grace of past or present English monarchs and not by an act of an imperial parliament. http://www.australianpolitics.com/issues/republic/convention/04_02_8.shtml   (651 words)      Australian constitutional law The use of the referendum in initially adopting the Constitution, and its requirement for constitutional amendment, has been cited by justices of the High Court to argue that the Constitution is fundamentally based on popular sovereignty (rather than on the supremacy of the United Kingdom Parliament, which is its technical legal foundation). The judicial power of the Commonwealth is vested, in Chapter III of the Constitution, in the High Court and such other courts as the Parliament creates or invests with Federal jurisdiction (section 71). (Recall that in the Australian model of federalism, the Parliament may invest State courts with Federal jurisdiction: this "autochthonous expedient", in the words of High Court Justice Sir Owen Dixon, was essentially an economy measure in a country of small population. http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/A/Australian-constitutional-law.htm   (651 words)

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